Discovery of Aldisine and Its Derivatives as Novel Antiviral, Larvicidal, and Antiphytopathogenic-Fungus Agents.

Based on the widespread use of hydrogen bonds in drug design, a series of aldisine derivatives containing oxime, oxime ether, and hydrazone moieties were designed and synthesized, and their antiviral, larvicidal, and fungicidal activities were evaluated for the first time. The bioassay results showed that most of these derivatives were active against tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). Hydrazone derivative showed inactivation, curative, and protection activities of 52 ± 4, 49 ± 1, and 52 ± 3% at 500 mg/L, which are comparable to that of the commercial antiviral drug ningnanmycin (57 ± 3, 56 ± 2, and 59 ± 1%, respectively) at the same dose. The antiviral mechanism study showed that compound could cause 20S CP (coating protein) disk fusion and disintegration, thus affecting the assembly of virus particles. The result of molecular docking indicated that there were obvious hydrogen bonds between compound and TMV CP. Most derivatives were active against larvae of lepidopteran pests, such as , , and . Some compounds also exhibited larvicidal activities against ; among them compounds and exhibited larvicidal activities of 0.81 and 1.54 mg/L (LC), respectively. Moreover, most of the derivatives showed broad-spectrum fungicidal activities against 14 kinds of phytopathogenic fungi at 50 mg/L.