Both anhedonia and craving are common among patients with opioid use disorder (OUD), and are associated with vulnerability to relapse. Although these constructs are theoretically linked relatively few studies have examined them together. In the current study, recently withdrawn patients (N = 71) in residential treatment for prescription OUD underwent a cue reactivity paradigm while being monitored with functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Patients also self-reported symptoms of anhedonia via the Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS), while smartphone-based ecological momentary assessments (EMA) were used to measure craving levels. On average, lower right prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity in response to positive social stimuli was associated with higher craving (β = - 2.87; S.E. = 1.23; p = 0.02). Self-reported anhedonia moderated the association between PFC activity and craving (β = - 1.02; S.E. = 0.48; p = 0.04), such that patients with two or more anhedonic symptoms had a significant and stronger negative association between PFC activation to hedonically positive images and craving, compared to patients with fewer than two anhedonic symptoms, among whom the association was not significant. This finding provides evidence that higher levels of anhedonia among patients in residential treatment for OUD are associated with a stronger link between lower PFC response to positive social experiences and higher levels of craving, potentially increasing overall vulnerability to relapse.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.09.012 | DOI Listing |
J Neurosurg Spine
January 2025
2Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama.
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of neighborhood-level and individual-level measures of socioeconomic status with readmission, complication rates, and postoperative length of stay of patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) in the Deep South.
Methods: The authors identified all patients undergoing surgical intervention for the treatment of CSM from November 2010 to February 2022 using Current Procedural Terminology and ICD-9/ICD-10 codes. Patient demographic, socioeconomic, perioperative, and postoperative data for each patient were collected via review of the electronic medical record.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
December 2024
Purpose: To identify social determinants of health (SDOH) associated with follow-up attendance of pre-term infants with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) after neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) discharge.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study, conducted at a single academic tertiary care center, included preterm infants screened for ROP from July 2018 to December 2022. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected from a preexisting NICU database.
Front Psychol
December 2024
Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
The aim of this study was to pilot an adapted version of an online relationships program with residents in treatment for alcohol and other drugs (AOD). The OurRelationship (OR) Program, which is based on Integrative Behavioral Couples Therapy, was piloted in a group-based format to determine whether residents' participation in the program would result in decreases in residents' destructive responses and increases in constructive responses to relationship conflict scenarios as well as reductions in negative affect experienced during these conflict scenarios. Residents ( = 104) across six residential facilities participated in the pilot over 4 weeks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction This secondary analysis of quality control data assessed principal components of personality dysfunction and their relationship to mentalizing in a sample of treatment-seeking women with severe personality disorders. Methods The Schedule for Nonadaptive and Adaptive Personality (SNAP) and the Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition (MASC) were administered to 37 females in routine quality assessments of a specialized residential treatment program. Principal component analysis (PCA) of SNAP scores was used to determine dimensions of personality most significantly contributing to overall maladaptive personality functioning.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Nutr Health Aging
December 2024
Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, and Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Roslindale, MA, United States.
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