While applications of polydopamine (PDA) are exponentially growing, research concerning the closely related neurotransmitter derivative polynorepinephrine (PNE) is in paucity, even though norepinephrine shares dopamine's ability to self-polymerize and form a coating film that is nearly substrate-agnostic. In this review, we demonstrate that PNE can be used as an alternative to PDA with equal or ever superior performance. PNE offers a thinner and smoother coating surface and thus is capable of more effectively resisting fouling by biofoulants, enhancing cell adhesion capability, surface hydrophilicity and biomolecule immobilisation. With the abundance of catechol, amino and hydroxyl groups in PNE's structure, PNE can perform as an electron donor and receiver at the same time and initiate ring opening and redox reactions. It has also been shown that PNE has the potential to be used as a biosensor due to its bioconjugation and molecular recognition ability. Here, we summarise the applications of PNE to date and discuss its potential research directions in the near future.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2tb01335e | DOI Listing |
J Sci Food Agric
January 2025
Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, India.
Background: Incorporating β-carotene into food systems improves nutritional value by providing a natural source of vitamin A. However, maintaining its stability during processing and storage is a significant barrier for its bioavailability.
Results: This study investigated the utilization of banana rachis nanocellulose (BRNC) as a natural stabilizer in the formulation of Pickering nanoemulsion (PNE).
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, #1 Youyi Road, Yujiagang Community, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China.
To optimize the efficacy of analgesia for patients receiving laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair, peri-operative pain neuroscience education (PNE) as a pain-specific cognitive therapy was incorporated into multi-modal analgesia. A randomized controlled trial was conducted to compare conventional analgesia (group CA) and the addition of pain neuroscience education into it (group PNE) in patients receiving laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair. Characteristics of peri-operative pain was evaluated with Douleur Neuropathique 4 questionnaire (DN-4), central sensitization inventory (CSI), pain catastrophizing scale (PCS) post-operatively and pressure pain threshold.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Microbiol
January 2025
Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
Background: Perinatal nicotine exposure (PNE) induces pulmonary dysplasia in offspring and it increases the risk of respiratory diseases both in offspring and across generations. The maternal gut microbiota and its metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), can regulate fetal lung development and are susceptible to nicotine exposure. Therefore, modulation of PNE-induced changes in maternal gut microbiota and SCFAs may prevent the occurrence of pulmonary dysplasia in offspring.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPain Manag Nurs
January 2025
College of Nursing, Korea University, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, South Korea; Nursing Research Institute, Korea University, Seongbuk-Gu, South Korea; BK21 FOUR R&E Center for Learning Health Systems, Korea University, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, South Korea. Electronic address:
Purpose: To examine the feasibility of a social networking site-based self-management intervention involving pain neuroscience education (PNE) for temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) among young adults and its initial efficacy in exploratory outcomes, including pain and somatization.
Design: Pilot randomized controlled trial.
Methods: Korean-speaking adults aged 20-29 with temporomandibular joint pain having smartphone Internet access.
Homodyne interferometers (HIs) utilize differential signaling to reduce common-mode noise and enhance measurement stability. However, their potential to improve measurement accuracy has not been thoroughly investigated. To address this gap, we reveal two unrecognized mechanisms enabled by differential-output signal (DS): self-compensation for odd-order periodic nonlinear error (PNE) and mitigation of PNE caused by ghost reflections.
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