Many studies that seek to cure HIV must ask participants to interrupt their antiretroviral treatment. In such circumstances, is it permissible to include a placebo group in the study? We explain why doing so is a scientific and an ethical necessity, and more benign than imagined.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jve.2022.100084 | DOI Listing |
Spine Deform
January 2025
Department of Spine Surgery, Eifelklinik St Brigida, St. Brigida Eifelklinik, Kammerbruchst. 8, 52152, Simmerath, Germany.
Purpose: To evaluate the sites where the tether breaks in vertebral body tethering (VBT) cases.
Methods: Intraoperative evaluation of broken tethers in patients who had anterior revision.
Inclusion Criteria: anterior revision of VBT cases with explantation of the full implant and photo documentation.
Anat Sci Int
January 2025
Department of Anatomy, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, Niigata, Japan.
This case report presents an atypical transverse cervical artery with its detailed anatomy, morphogenesis, and association with the high arch-shaped subclavian artery. The atypical arteries, related arteries, and adjacent cervical and brachial plexuses were macroscopically examined in a 98-year-old Japanese female cadaver donated to The Nippon Dental University for medical education and research. The atypical deep branch of the transverse cervical artery originated from the internal thoracic artery and passed through between the C5 and C6 roots, in close contact with the C5 and C6 junction, to reach the dorsal side of the brachial plexus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Neurol Belg
January 2025
Department of Radiology, CHU UCL Namur site Godinne, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue G. Thérasse 1, Yvoir, 5530, Belgium.
Z Gerontol Geriatr
January 2025
Geriatrie, Universität Witten-Herdecke, Alfred Herrhausenstraße 50, 58455, Witten, Germany.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a frequent disease from which approximately 8% of individuals aged 40 years and above suffer. The prevalence increases up to fivefold as age advances. Following an introduction including the etiology, measurement, characteristic features and classification of COPD, this article presents the consensus recommendations of the German Working Group on Pneumology in Older Patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCardiovasc Eng Technol
January 2025
Department of Hydrodynamic Systems, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 1-3, Budapest, 1111, Hungary.
Purpose: The initiation of intracranial aneurysms has long been studied, mainly by the evaluation of the wall shear stress field. However, the debate about the emergence of hemodynamic stimuli still persists. This paper builds on our previous hypothesis that secondary flows play an important role in the formation cascade by examining the relationship between flow physics and vessel geometry.
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