Fabrication of a magnetic alginate-silk fibroin hydrogel, containing halloysite nanotubes as a novel nanocomposite for biological and hyperthermia applications.

In this study, the main focus was on designing and synthesizing a novel magnetic nanobiocomposite and its application in hyperthermia cancer treatment. Regarding this aim, sodium alginate (SA) hydrogel with CaCl cross-linker formed and modified by silk fibroin (SF) natural polymer and halloysite nanotubes (HNTs), followed by in situ FeO magnetic nanoparticles preparation. No important differences were detected in red blood cells (RBCs) hemolysis, confirming the high blood compatibility of the treated erythrocytes with this nanobiocomposite. Moreover, the synthesized SA hydrogel/SF/HNTs/FeO nanobiocomposite does not demonstrate toxicity toward HEK293T normal cell line after 48 and 72 h. The anticancer property of SA hydrogel/SF/HNTs/FeO nanobiocomposites against breast cancer cell lines was corroborated. The magnetic saturation of the mentioned magnetic nanobiocomposite was 15.96 emu g. The specific absorption rate (SAR) was measured to be 22.3 W g by applying an alternating magnetic field (AMF). This novel nanobiocomposite could perform efficiently in the magnetic fluid hyperthermia process, according to the obtained results.