AI Article Synopsis
- A study was conducted in Japan to understand how different SARS-CoV-2 variants (Delta and Omicron) affect COVID-19 symptoms and severity in pregnant women.
- 310 symptomatic pregnant COVID-19 cases were analyzed, showing that symptoms varied between the Delta (more severe symptoms) and Omicron (milder symptoms) periods, with changes in common symptoms like runny nose and fatigue.
- Factors such as being in the later stages of pregnancy and having COVID-19 during the Delta period increased the risk of severe illness, while two vaccine doses provided protection against severe outcomes.
Article Abstract
Background: Information regarding effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variant strains on clinical manifestations and outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in pregnant women is limited.
Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted using the data from the nationwide COVID-19 registry in Japan. We identified pregnant patients with symptomatic COVID-19 hospitalized during the study period. The Delta and Omicron variants of concern (VOC) predominant periods were defined as August 1 to December 31, 2021 and January 1 to May 31, 2022, respectively. Clinical characteristics were compared between the patients in the Delta and Omicron VOC periods. In addition, logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for developing moderate-to-severe COVID-19.
Results: During the study period, 310 symptomatic COVID-19 cases of pregnant women were identified; 111 and 199 patients were hospitalized during the Delta and Omicron VOC periods, respectively. Runny nose and sore throat were more common, and fatigue, dysgeusia, and olfactory dysfunction were less common manifestations observed in the Omicron VOC period. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, onset during the later stage of pregnancy (OR: 2.08 [1.24-3.71]) and onset during the Delta VOC period (OR: 2.25 [1.08-4.90]) were independently associated with moderate-to-severe COVID-19, whereas two doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine were protective against developing moderate-to-severe COVID-19 (OR: 0.34 [0.13-0.84]).
Conclusions: Clinical manifestations of COVID-19 in pregnant women differed between the Delta and Omicron VOC periods. SARS-CoV-2 vaccination was still effective in preventing severe COVID-19 throughout the Delta and Omicron VOC periods.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9464469 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiac.2022.09.005 | DOI Listing |
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