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| http://dx.doi.org/10.31744/einstein_journal/2022CE0018 | DOI Listing |
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Advances in CD19-targeting CAR-T cell therapies for multiple myeloma.
Expert Opin Biol Ther
January 2025
Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Introduction: Emerging evidence suggests that, while CD19 is primarily expressed on immature B-cell precursors, it is also present on drug-resistant plasma cells that have been postulated to function as multiple myeloma (MM) stem cells, driving the progression of relapsing disease. Targeting CD19 with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells offers a promising strategy for addressing this residual disease burden, potentially leading to more durable treatments and enhanced relapse prevention.
Areas Covered: This review examines the molecular basis of CD19-targeted CAR-T therapy in MM, highlighting its potential, key challenges, and efficacy and safety in early clinical trials for relapsed/refractory and newly diagnosed MM.
How to think about acute leukemia of ambiguous lineage.
Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program
December 2024
UT Southwestern Medical Center, BioCenter, Dallas, TX.
Classification of acute leukemia involves assigning lineage by resemblance of blasts to normal progenitor cells. This approach provides descriptive information that is useful for disease monitoring, provides clues to pathogenesis, and can help to select effective chemotherapeutic regimens. Acute leukemias of ambiguous lineage (ALAL) are those leukemias that either fail to show evidence of myeloid, B-lymphoid, or T-lymphoid lineage commitment or show evidence of commitment to more than 1 lineage, including mixed-phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPotential molecular mechanisms of ETV6-RUNX1-positive B progenitor cell cluster in acute lymphoblastic leukemia revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing.
PeerJ
November 2024
Neurosurgery Department, Jinzhou Central Hospital, Jinzhou, China.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to investigate the immune landscape and immune cell roles in the progression of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), focusing particularly on the ETV6-RUNX1 genetic alteration common in childhood cases.
- Using advanced techniques like single-cell RNA sequencing, researchers analyzed B progenitor cells from bone marrow samples, identifying specific gene expressions and pathways that may drive rapid cell cycle progression in ALL.
- Results highlighted distinct clusters of B progenitor cells, particularly one with amplified genes on chromosome 6p that were linked to increased cell cycle activity, underscoring the complexity of immune interactions in the disease's progression.
Cyclin C promotes development and progression of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia by counteracting p53-mediated stress responses.
Haematologica
October 2024
Department for Biological Sciences and Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna.
Despite major therapeutic advances in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), resistances and long-term toxicities still pose significant challenges. Cyclins and their associated cyclin-dependent kinases are one focus of cancer research when looking for targeted therapies. We discovered cyclin C as a key factor for B-ALL development and maintenance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFYY1 knockout in pro-B cells impairs lineage commitment, enabling unusual hematopoietic lineage plasticity.
Genes Dev
October 2024
Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA;
Article Synopsis
- During B-cell development, the pro-B-cell stage is crucial for committing to the B-cell lineage, and the transcription factor YY1 plays a key role in this process.
- Knocking out YY1 at the pro-B-cell stage stops B-cell development and enables these cells to convert into T lineage cells, demonstrating a shift in their genetic expression profiles.
- Research involving various sequencing techniques shows that the loss of YY1 not only affects B lineage commitment but also allows pro-B cells to exhibit flexibility in developing into multiple hematopoietic lineages due to changes in chromatin accessibility.
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