AI Article Synopsis
- This study explores the relationship between low-level viremia (LLV) and transient viral load blips during antiretroviral therapy (ART) and their implications for future virologic failure (VF) in individuals living with HIV-1.
- Researchers analyzed data from a large European cohort, monitoring over 22,500 participants for 81,837 person-years, and found that both LLV and blips significantly increased the risk of VF compared to those achieving virologic suppression.
- Notably, 35% of participants with LLV had drug-resistance mutations, highlighting the potential complications that arise from these viremia episodes during ART.
Article Abstract
Background: It is unclear whether low-level viremia (LLV), defined as repeatedly detectable viral load (VL) of <200 copies/mL, and/or transient viremic episodes (blips) during antiretroviral therapy (ART), predict future virologic failure. We investigated the association between LLV, blips, and virologic failure (VF) in a multicenter European cohort.
Methods: People with HIV-1 who started ART in 2005 or later were identified from the EuResist Integrated Database. We analyzed the incidence of VF (≥200 copies/mL) depending on viremia exposure, starting 12 months after ART initiation (grouped as suppression [≤50 copies/mL], blips [isolated VL of 51-999 copies/mL], and LLV [repeated VLs of 51-199 copies/mL]) using Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for age, sex, injecting drug use, pre-ART VL, CD4 count, HIV-1 subtype, type of ART, and treatment experience. We queried the database for drug-resistance mutations (DRM) related to episodes of LLV and VF and compared those with baseline resistance data.
Results: During 81 837 person-years of follow-up, we observed 1424 events of VF in 22 523 participants. Both blips (adjusted subhazard ratio [aHR], 1.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3-2.2) and LLV (aHR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.6-3.0) were associated with VF, compared with virologic suppression. These associations remained statistically significant in subanalyses restricted to people with VL <200 copies/mL and those starting ART 2014 or later. Among people with LLV and genotype data available within 90 days following LLV, 49/140 (35%) had at least 1 DRM.
Conclusions: Both blips and LLV during ART are associated with increased risk of subsequent VF.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9825828 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciac762 | DOI Listing |
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