Little is known about real-world outcomes for first-line and anti-PD-1 second-line treatment for advanced/metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Retrospective data of advanced/metastatic ESCC patients treated between 2011 and 2021 were collected from Flatiron Health. Median duration of therapy (mDoT) and median overall survival (mOS) were evaluated for patients initiating first-line and anti-PD-1 second-line therapy. Among patients receiving first-line therapy (n = 948), mDoT was 1.4 months and mOS was 16.0 months, with mOS of 16.0 and 18.0 months for the non-immunotherapy and immunotherapy cohorts, respectively. Among patients receiving anti-PD-1 second-line therapy (n = 60), mDoT was 5.7 months and mOS was 10.1 months. Patients with advanced/metastatic ESCC have short duration of therapy, and overall survival remains limited. This real-world study underscores the need for efficacious treatments for advanced/metastatic ESCC in the first- and second-line setting. Direct comparisons of emerging therapies in the real world are urgently needed.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/fon-2022-0708DOI Listing

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