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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00415-022-11353-y | DOI Listing |
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A Possible Protective Effect of IgA Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Bronchoalveolar Lavage in COVID-19 Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Unit.
Viruses
November 2024
C.U.R.E. (University Center for Liver Disease Research and Treatment), Liver Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
SARS-CoV-2 infection induces a humoral immune response, producing virus-specific antibodies such as IgM, IgG, and IgA. IgA antibodies are present at mucosal sites, protecting against respiratory and other mucosal infections, including SARS-CoV-2, by neutralizing viruses or impeding attachment to epithelial cells. Since SARS-CoV-2 spreads through the nasopharynx, the specific IgAs of SARS-CoV-2 are produced quickly after infection, effectively contributing to virus neutralization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Impact of HIV on B Cell Compartment and Its Implications for COVID-19 Vaccinations in People with HIV.
Vaccines (Basel)
December 2024
Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada.
HIV causes intense polyclonal activation of B cells, resulting in increased numbers of spontaneously antibody-secreting cells in the circulation and hypergammaglobulinemia. It is accompanied by significant perturbations in various B cell subsets, such as increased frequencies of immature/transitional B cells, activated memory B cells, atypical memory B cells, short-lived plasmablasts and regulatory B cells, as well as by decreased frequencies of resting memory and resting naïve B cells. Furthermore, both memory and antigen-inexperienced naïve B cells show exhausted and immune-senescent phenotypes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of Baseline Blood Zinc Levels on the Humoral Immune Response After COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination: A Prospective Study in a Japanese Population.
Vaccines (Basel)
November 2024
Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501, Japan.
Background/objectives: Although the protective effects of zinc against COVID-19 are documented, its impact on COVID-19 vaccine immunogenicity remains unknown.
Methods: We conducted a prospective study involving a cohort of 79 Japanese individuals (aged 21-56 years; comprising three subcohorts) and measured their serum zinc levels pre-vaccination and anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM/IgG levels pre- and post-vaccination over 4 months.
Results: Serum zinc concentrations ranged between 74-140 and 64-113 μg/dL in male and female individuals, respectively, with one male and 11 female participants exhibiting subclinical zinc deficiency (60-80 μg/dL).
A Case of X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia and COVID-19 in a Japanese Infant.
J Nippon Med Sch
January 2025
Department of Pediatrics, Nippon Medical School.
An infant was diagnosed as having X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) at age 3 months and was receiving immunoglobulin replacement therapy. He developed SARS-CoV-2 infection at age 7 months and was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin, remdesivir, and dexamethasone. His respiratory symptoms improved quickly, and the infection resolved.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComparative Analysis of the Neutralizing Capacity of Monovalent and Bivalent Formulations of Betuvax-CoV-2, a Subunit Recombinant COVID-19 Vaccine, Against Various Strains of SARS-CoV-2.
Vaccines (Basel)
October 2024
Artgen Biotech, 119571 Moscow, Russia.
Article Synopsis
- - SARS-CoV-2, responsible for COVID-19, is rapidly evolving, making the development of effective and safe vaccines critical for public health, with the Betuvax-CoV-2 vaccine showing promise in previous trials.
- - A study compared monovalent and bivalent vaccines' ability to neutralize different SARS-CoV-2 strains, revealing that while both types had strengths against certain variants, neither performed well against the Omicron BQ.1 strain at lower doses.
- - The research implies that vaccine effectiveness relies on matching the formulation to the circulating SARS-CoV-2 strain, and using a bivalent vaccine doesn't necessarily provide an advantage over a monovalent vaccine for a single variant.
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