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Unlabelled: Mitochondrial form and function are intimately interconnected, responding to cellular stresses and changes in energy demand. Hydrogen sulfide, a product of amino acid metabolism, has dual roles as an electron transport chain substrate and complex IV (CIV) inhibitor, leading to a reductive shift, which has pleiotropic metabolic consequences. Luminal sulfide concentration in colon is high due to microbial activity, and in this study, we demonstrate that chronic sulfide exposure of colonocyte-derived cells leads to lower Mic60 and Mic19 expression that is correlated with a profound loss of cristae and lower mitochondrial networking.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIt has been thirty years since the end of political apartheid in South Africa in 1994. Those decades have been marked by single-party dominance under the African National Congress (ANC), and the expansion of democratic rights and public goods like education, as well as neoliberal economic policies, growing inequality and, in recent years, corruption and maladministration scandals. On the heels of a historic election in May 2024, one which marked the end of the ANC's electoral dominance and was shaped, in part, by government mismanagement of the energy sector and extensive infrastructural decline, it is a timely moment to consider the history of South Africa's state and its relation to industries of extraction and energy production.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSecure and Efficient Federated Learning Against Model Poisoning Attacks in Horizontal and Vertical Data Partitioning.
IEEE Trans Neural Netw Learn Syst
November 2024
Article Synopsis
- Hybrid federated learning (FL) combines horizontal and vertical data partitioning to address overlapping data in distributed systems but is susceptible to model poisoning attacks from malicious devices.
- Traditional methods for detecting such attacks increase communication and computational costs, and they often misclassify honest models, leading to low accuracy due to data diversity.
- The proposed solution involves a two-pronged approach: using multiagent reinforcement learning for malicious device detection and a poisoned model detection method to prevent corrupted models from affecting the global model, improving efficiency and accuracy during training.
Advancing carbon neutrality in post-COP28 in Ghana: Examining the impact of foreign direct investment and governance indicators.
Heliyon
October 2024
Department of Management Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, China.
This paper investigates the efficacy of foreign direct investment (FDI) and governance quality in reducing the adverse impact of CO emissions in Ghana. To achieve this aim, panel data for the independent and control variables spanning from 2000 to 2022 were obtained from World Development Indicators database and World Governance Indicators. The data was analysed using the Fixed Generalised Least Squares (FGLS) and the Method of Moment Quantile Regression (MMQR) methods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIs digitalization essential for abating carbon emission growth in South Asia?
Heliyon
October 2024
Department of Economics, School of Business and Economics, North South University, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh.
Output generation processes across South Asia are deemed unclean (highly emission-intensive) due to excessive reliance on fossil fuels. Thus, decarbonizing the growth processes of countries within this region has critical emphasis among policymakers. However, since the South Asian countries are not yet ready to undergo the renewable energy transition in full form, it is unlikely that their annual carbon discharge levels will subside anytime soon.
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