Purpose Of The Review: The goal of this review is to highlight emerging biomarker research by the key phases of the cancer continuum and outline the methodological considerations for biomarker application.
Recent Findings: While biomarkers have an established role in targeted therapy and to some extent, disease monitoring, their role in early detection and survivorship remains to be elucidated. With the advent of omics technology, the discovery of biomarkers has been accelerated exponentially, therefore careful consideration to ensure an unbiased study design and robust validity is crucial.
Summary: The rigor of biomarker research holds the key to the success of precision health care. The potential clinical utility and the feasibility of implementation should be central to future biomarker research study design.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40471-022-00295-8 | DOI Listing |
Kaohsiung J Med Sci
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common psychiatric condition among children and adolescents, often associated with a high risk of psychiatric comorbidities. Currently, ADHD diagnosis relies exclusively on clinical presentation and patient history, underscoring the need for clinically relevant, reliable, and objective biomarkers. Such biomarkers may enable earlier diagnosis and lead to improved treatment outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExplor Target Antitumor Ther
November 2024
Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Disorders Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
There has been a rapid expansion of immunotherapy options for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) over the past two decades, particularly with the advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Despite the emerging role of immunotherapy in adjuvant and neoadjuvant settings though, relatively few patients will respond to immunotherapy which can be problematic due to expense and toxicity; thus, the development of biomarkers capable of predicting immunotherapeutic response is imperative. Due to the promise of a noninvasive, personalized approach capable of providing comprehensive, real-time monitoring of tumor heterogeneity and evolution, there has been wide interest in the concept of using circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) to predict treatment response.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEClinicalMedicine
August 2024
Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, Department of Health Services Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Background: Lung cancer screening recommendations employ annual frequency for eligible individuals, despite evidence that it may not be universally optimal. The impact of imposing a structure on the screening frequency remains unknown. The ENGAGE framework, a validated framework that offers fully dynamic, analytically optimal, personalised lung cancer screening recommendations, could be used to assess the impact of screening structure on the effectiveness and efficiency of lung cancer screening.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Toxicol
January 2025
Allucent, Cary, NC, USA.
Seizures are complex electrophysiological disturbances affecting one or more populations of brain neurons. Seizures following test article (TA) exposure pose significant challenges in drug development. This paper considers the diverse neurological manifestations, mechanisms, and functional and structural assessments needed to investigate TA-related seizure liabilities, with a particular focus on nonclinical species.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Vet Res
January 2025
Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Teaching Hospital "Mario Modenato", University of Pisa, via Livornese snc, San Piero a Grado, Pisa, Italy.
Background: Current endogenous indicators utilised in avian medicine are not sensitive enough to detect renal disease in its early stages. Alternative markers ought to be examined as a result. The aim is to investigate the accuracy of limited-sampling models for glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in adult seagulls using plasma clearance of iohexol (IOX).
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