Device-measured physical activity and cardiovascular disease risk in adolescent childhood cancer survivors. A physical activity in childhood cancer survivors (PACCS) study.

Objectives: We aimed to compare cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in childhood cancer survivors (CCS) with age- and sex-stratified reference material and examine the association between physical activity (PA) intensities and CVD risk factors in CCS.

Materials And Methods: Within the cross-sectional, multicenter (PACCS) study, we collected data on CVD risk factors [VO (mL⋅kg⋅min), body mass index (BMI, kg/m), systolic blood pressure (SBP, mmHg), and total-cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol (Total/HDL)] among CCS aged 9-18 years. CVD risk factors were compared to references with immediate -tests. We transformed CVD risk factors into -scores based on international references and generated an individual CVD risk score: [inverse ZVO + Z + Z + Z )/4]. Multivariable mixed linear regression models were used to analyze the associations between device-measured PA intensities and CVD risk factors.

Results: We included 157 CCS aged on average 13.4 years at inclusion and 8.2 years from diagnosis. Male CCS had lower VO compared to references (45.4 vs. 49.4 mL⋅kg⋅min, = 0.001), higher diastolic BP (67 vs. 63 mmHg, < 0.001), lower HDL (1.35 vs. 1.44 mmol/L, = 0.012), as well as a tendency to higher CVD risk score (-score=0.14 vs. 0.00, = .075). Female CCS' CVD risk factors were comparable to references. Vigorous-intensity PA (VPA) was associated with CVD risk factors. A 10-min increase in VPA was associated with higher VO (β = 4.9, 95% CI, 2.1-7.7), lower Total/HDL (β = -0.3, 95% CI, -0.6 to -0.1) and a lower CVD risk score (β = -0.4, 95% CI, -0.6 to -0.2).

Conclusion: Male adolescent CCS had less favorable values of CVD risk factors compared to references. VPA in adolescent CCS is associated with clinically meaningful favorable values of CVD risk factors.