Objective: To illustrate the clinical course of a rare case of recurrent adult granulosa cell tumor (AGCT) and discuss the features and management for recurrences.
Case Report: A 56-year-old female was first diagnosed with AGCT in 2008 and had uneventful, regular follow-ups until 2013. Recurrence was suspected and proven by computed tomography-guided biopsy. After undergoing complete cytoreductive surgery (CRS) followed by adjuvant megestrol acetate then leuprolide acetate, another recurrence sprouted at the presacral area in 2017. On both occasions, CRS with no visible residual tumor were attained. The patient has remained in complete remission to date with progestin therapy.
Conclusion: There are currently no standardized tumor markers, imaging exams, or therapies for managing AGCT recurrences. Whole exome sequencing analysis of our patient suggested possible association with triosephosphate isomerase 1 mutation. Regular follow-ups with at least two types of imaging exams and indefinite hormone therapy are crucial for this patient's remission.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tjog.2022.06.006 | DOI Listing |
Mol Oncol
January 2025
Instituto de Investigación de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Forkhead box L2 (FOXL2) encodes a transcription factor essential for sex determination, and ovary development and maintenance. Mutations in this gene are implicated in syndromes involving premature ovarian failure and granulosa cell tumors (GCTs). This rare cancer accounts for less than 5% of diagnosed ovarian cancers and is causally associated with the FOXL2 c.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Med Res
January 2025
Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, Inner Mongolia, China.
Objective: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a reproductive endocrine disease characterized by reproductive dysfunction and metabolic abnormalities. The purpose of this study was to explore the expression characteristics of coding and non-coding RNAs in granulosa cells of PCOS, and to provide data support for understanding the pathogenesis of PCOS.
Methods: Three patients with PCOS (according to the 2003 Rotterdam diagnostic criteria) and three normal controls were selected.
Anticancer Res
January 2025
Department of Pathology, Molecular Unit, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark.
Background/aim: Adult granulosa cell tumor (aGCT) is a rare and challenging ovarian tumor due to its unpredictable recurrence and its associated increased risk of breast and endometrial cancer. Identifying and describing molecular alterations in tumors has become common with the advent of high-throughput sequencing. However, DNA sequencing in rare tumors, such as aGCT, often lacks statistical power due to the limited number of cases in each study, thereby clinical implications of DNA alterations are difficult to interpretate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Transl Oncol
December 2024
HM CIOCC MADRID (Centro Integral Oncológico Clara Campal), Laboratorio de Innovación en Oncología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria HM Hospitales, Oña Street 10, 28050, Madrid, Spain.
Background: Granulosa cell ovarian tumors (GCTs) are a rare neoplasia characterized by a pathognomonic mutation in the FOXL2 gene. In vitro studies have demonstrated an overactivation of hormone activity due to this alteration. Thus, we aimed to determine the activity of orteronel, a CYP17 inhibitor, in advanced disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Med Imaging
December 2024
Department of Radiology, The Wenzhou Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China.
Objective: This study investigates the MRI characteristics of primary and metastatic adult granulosa cell tumor with normal estrogen levels (AGCT-NEL) to enhance clinical understanding and diagnostic accuracy of this disease.
Methods: We collected clinical data from 10 patients with AGCT-NEL, confirmed by pathology, treated at our hospital from January 2016 to January 2024. We retrospectively analyzed the MRI features of primary and metastatic lesions from aspects such as shape, edge characteristics, MRI signal, and enhancement features.
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