The Potential Application of Branch-PCR Assembled PTEN Gene Nanovector in Lung Cancer Gene Therapy.

Gene therapy offers an alternative and promising avenue to lung cancer treatment. Here, we used dibenzocyclooctyne (DBCO)-branched primers to construct a PTEN gene nanovector (NP-PTEN) through branch-PCR. NP-PTEN showed the nanoscale structure with biocompatible size (84.7±11.2 nm) and retained the improved serum stability compared to linear DNA. When transfected into NCI-H1299 cancer cells, NP-PTEN could overexpress PTEN protein to restore PTEN functions through the deactivation of PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway to inhibit cell proliferation and induce cell apoptosis. The apoptosis rate of NCI-H1299 cancer cells could reach up to 54.5 %±4.6 % when the transfection concentration of NP-PTEN was 4.0 μg/mL. In mice bearing NCI-H1299 tumor xenograft intratumorally administrated with NP-PTEN, the average tumor volume and tumor weight was separately reduced by 61.7 % and 63.9 %, respectively, compared with the PBS group on the 18  day of administration. The anticancer efficacy of NP-PTEN in NCI-H1299 tumor xenograft suggests the promising therapeutic potential of branch-PCR assembled PTEN gene nanovectors in lung cancer gene therapy and also provided more opportunities to introduce two or more tumor suppressor genes as an all-in-one gene nanovector for multiple gene-based cancer gene therapy.