Pathogen and host genetics were used to uncover an inverse gene-for-gene interaction where virulence genes from the pathogen Pyrenophora teres f. maculata target barley susceptibility genes, resulting in disease. Although models have been proposed to broadly explain how plants and pathogens interact and coevolve, each interaction evolves independently, resulting in various scenarios of host manipulation and plant defense. Spot form net blotch is a foliar disease of barley caused by Pyrenophora teres f. maculata. We developed a barley population (Hockett × PI 67381) segregating for resistance to a diverse set of P. teres f. maculata isolates. Quantitative trait locus analysis identified major loci on barley chromosomes (Chr) 2H and 7H associated with resistance/susceptibility. Subsequently, we used avirulent and virulent P. teres f. maculata isolates to develop a pathogen population, identifying two major virulence loci located on Chr1 and Chr2. To further characterize this host-pathogen interaction, progeny from the pathogen population harboring virulence alleles at either the Chr1 or Chr2 locus was phenotyped on the Hockett × PI 67381 population. Progeny harboring only the Chr1 virulence allele lost the barley Chr7H association but maintained the 2H association. Conversely, isolates harboring only the Chr2 virulence allele lost the barley Chr2H association but maintained the 7H association. Hockett × PI 67381 F individuals showed susceptible/resistant ratios not significantly different than 15:1 and results from F inoculations using the single virulence genotypes were not significantly different from a 3:1 (S:R) ratio, indicating two dominant susceptibility genes. Collectively, this work shows that P. teres f. maculata virulence alleles at the Chr1 and Chr2 loci are targeting the barley 2H and 7H susceptibility alleles in an inverse gene-for-gene manner to facilitate colonization.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00122-022-04204-x | DOI Listing |
Int J Mol Sci
November 2024
INRAE, RIBP, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, USC 1488, BP 1039 Reims, France.
Efficient early pathogen detection, before symptom apparition, is crucial for optimizing disease management. In barley, the fungal pathogen is the causative agent of net blotch disease, which exists in two forms: f. sp.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Plant Biol
June 2024
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA.
Hybrid genotypes can provide significant yield gains over conventional inbred varieties due to heterosis or hybrid vigor. However, hybrids can also display unintended negative attributes or phenotypes such as extreme pathogen susceptibility. The necrotrophic pathogen Pyrenophora teres f.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrob Genom
May 2024
PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ. Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Montpellier, France.
Invasive fungal pathogens pose a substantial threat to widely cultivated crop species, owing to their capacity to adapt to new hosts and new environmental conditions. Gaining insights into the demographic history of these pathogens and unravelling the mechanisms driving coevolutionary processes are crucial for developing durably effective disease management programmes. is a significant fungal pathogen of barley, consisting of two lineages, Ptt and Ptm, with global distributions and demographic histories reflecting barley domestication and spread.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhytopathology
July 2024
Centre for Crop and Disease Management, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia.
Spot form net blotch, caused by f. , is a significant necrotrophic disease of barley that spread worldwide in the twentieth century. Genetic relationships were analyzed to determine the diversity, survival, and dispersal of a diverse collection of 346 isolates from Australia, Southern Africa, North America, Asia Minor, and Europe.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPest Manag Sci
April 2024
Centre for Crop and Disease Management, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia.
Background: Fungicide resistance in Pyrenophora teres f. maculata and P. teres f.
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