Objective: The objective of this systematic review was to investigate the potential link between cognitive dissonance or its related constructs (emotional dissonance, emotional labor) and musculoskeletal disorders.
Background: The etiology of musculoskeletal disorders is complex, as pain arises from complex interactions among physical, social, and psychological stressors. It is possible that the psychological factor of cognitive dissonance may contribute to the etiology and/or maintenance of musculoskeletal disorders.
Method: MEDLINE, APA PsycInfo, and CINAHL Plus databases were searched for studies investigating cognitive dissonance or its related constructs as exposure(s) of interest and outcomes related to physical health (including, but not limited to, musculoskeletal pain). Risk of bias was assessed using the Appraisal tool for Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS) tool.
Results: The literature search yielded 7 studies eligible for inclusion. None of the included studies investigated cognitive dissonance directly but instead investigated dissonance-related constructs of emotional dissonance and emotional labor, in which a mismatch between required and felt emotions might elicit a psychological response consistent with the cognitive dissonance state. Moderate effect sizes between dissonance-related constructs and musculoskeletal disorders were noted (OR 1.25-2.22).
Conclusion: There is likely a relationship between the two factors studied. However, as the included studies were cross-sectional in nature, a causal relationship between cognitive dissonance-related constructs and musculoskeletal disorders cannot be inferred. Therefore, future study proposing and validating a causal pathway between these variables is warranted.
Application: Cognitive dissonance and its related constructs may serve as risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders that have not been considered previously.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00187208221120459 | DOI Listing |
Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being
December 2025
Department of Language and Communication, Centre for Language Studies, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Purpose: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is less diagnosed among Turkish children, and Turkish clients drop out more often from depression treatments than Dutch clients. This article proposes that cultural differences in collectivistic versus individualistic perceptions of getting an ADHD diagnosis and being treated for depression might explain these ethnic disparities, which have been explored in this study.
Methods: Nine focus group discussions with Turkish individuals and 18 interviews with primary mental health practitioners were conducted.
Front Sociol
January 2025
University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States.
Existing HIV-related literature affirms that Black women in the US have a low perceived risk of HIV. Yet, Black women consistently experience higher HIV incidence than other women. The ability of HIV risk perception to influence HIV prevention behaviors remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCan Pharm J (Ott)
January 2025
Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB.
Purpose: As the scope of practice continues to evolve for pharmacists, professional abstinence is being observed by students in workplaces and practicums. Professional abstinence is defined as "consciously choosing not to provide the full scope of patient care activities". Exposure of students to professional abstinence may cause cognitive dissonance, as they are challenged by practices that do not match what they are taught in school.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCognition
January 2025
Department of Psychology, University of Toronto,; Rotman School of Management, University of Toronto.
Efficiency demands that we work smarter and not harder, but is this better for our wellbeing? Here, we ask if exerting effort on a task can increase feelings of meaning and purpose. In six studies (N = 2883), we manipulated how much effort participants exerted on a task and then assessed how meaningful they found those tasks. In Studies 1 and 2, we presented hypothetical scenarios whereby participants imagined themselves (or others) exerting more or less effort on a writing task, and then asked participants how much meaning they believed they (or others) would derive.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Nurs Stud
December 2024
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowen University, Australia. Electronic address:
Background: Recognition and response to clinical deterioration of hospitalised patients is a worldwide health priority area. In response to this concern, international bodies have implemented early warning systems to help clinicians keep people safe and prevent patient deterioration. Registered nurses hold a significant role in managing care provision and utilise early warning system tools to support their clinical judgement when making decisions about patient care.
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