[Surgical solution of selective epitympanic dysventilation syndrome].

The selective epitympanic dysventilation syndrome is a new theory of the cholesteatoma formation, the description of which was allowed by a minimally invasive surgical technique – the transcanal endoscopic ear surgery – some years ago. The transcanal endoscopic ear surgery provided the possibility of a certain amount of detailed anatomical knowledge to identify the new factor behind this process, namely obstruction of the ventilation pathways of the middle ear. Our goal was to draw the ear surgeons’ attention to this clinical picture as cholesteatoma development and subsequent worsening of the quality of life caused by ear discharge and conductive hearing loss may be reversible or preventable. We make the syndrome more understandable by using our own anatomical drawings. In this paper, the authors present a case of selective epitympanic dysventilation syndrome, and emphasize the importance of recognition and the endoscopic ear surgical treatment as well as review the international literature.