Introduction: At present, GATA binding protein 3 (GATA-3) is the most frequently used diagnostic immunohistochemical (IHC) marker for breast carcinoma (BC). However, it is not specific and has very low sensitivity for triple-negative BC (TNBC). SRY-box transcription factor 10 (SOX-10) and trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type 1 (TRPS-1) have been suggested for inclusion in the diagnostic workup of TNBC. TRPS-1 has not been established in cytology specimens as a diagnostic IHC marker for metastatic BC (MBC). Hence, in the present study we evaluated the utility of TRPS-1 in diagnosing MBC in cytology specimens.

Materials And Methods: MBC cases diagnosed on cytology specimens from January to October 2020 were included in the present study. Only cases with hormonal status available and ≥20 tumor cells on cell blocks were included in the study. The cell blocks were assessed for TRPS-1, GATA-3, and SOX-10 IHC marker positivity (intensity and percentage of tumor cells). The results were correlated with the specimen type (fine needle aspiration [FNA] versus body fluid) and various BC prognostic subgroups.

Results: We analyzed 61 cases, including 33 body fluid and 28 FNA (13 lymph node, 10 bone, 2 liver, 2 soft tissue, and 1 lung) specimens. TRPS-1 had 97.2% positivity in ER/PR+ (estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor-positive) MBC compared with GATA-3, which had 100% positivity in the same group. TRPS-1 showed high positivity in 35 of 37 cases (94.6%) and intermediate positivity in 1 (2.6%) and was negative/low positive in 1 case (2.7%). In contrast, GATA-3 showed high positivity for all 37 cases (100%). SOX-10 showed positivity in only 1 of 37 cases (2.7%), with intermediate positivity. In the HER2+ (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive) group, TRPS-1 showed high positivity in 5 of 7 cases (71.4%), intermediate positivity in 1 case (14.3%), and negativity in 1 case (14.3%). However, GATA-3 showed high positivity in 6 of 7 cases (85.7%) and negative/low positivity in 1 case (14.3%). SOX-10 was negative in all 7 cases. In TNBC, TRPS-1 showed high positivity in 16 of 17 cases (94%) and intermediate positivity in 1 (5.9%), and GATA-3 showed high positivity in 9 (53%), intermediate positivity in 2 (11.8%), and low positive/negative in 6 of the 17 cases (35.3%). TRPS-1 expression was significantly higher than GATA-3 expression for the number of positive cases (P = 0.07), mean percentage of positive tumor cells (P = 0.005), and intensity of reactivity (P = 0.005). SOX-10 expression was present in only 5 of 17 cases (29%), with a mean percentage of positivity in the tumor cells of 26.5% and intensity of 0.8. No differences were found in the IHC results between the different specimen types (FNA versus fluid) in any group.

Conclusions: TRPS-1 is a highly sensitive new diagnostic IHC marker for breast carcinoma, with a similar positivity rate in ER/PR+ and HER2+ BC compared with GATA-3 and a higher positivity rate than GATA-3 and SOX-10 in TNBC in cytology specimens. In particular, when only a few clusters of tumor cells are present on the cell block, TRPS-1 can be highly useful, because its mean percentage of positive tumor cells and intensity are higher than those of other IHC markers.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasc.2022.06.007DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

tumor cells
24
high positivity
24
positivity cases
24
intermediate positivity
20
positivity
19
cytology specimens
16
ihc marker
16
cases
13
breast carcinoma
12
trps-1 high
12

Similar Publications

Background: The impact of probiotics as gut and immunological modulator in restoring gut microbial balance and immune cells expression have generated much attention in the health sector. Its inhibitory effect on bacterial translocation and associated neural inflammatory processes has been reported. However, there is scarcity of data on its neuroprotective impact against neuroinflammation-associated neurodegeneration and memory impairment.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Drug Development.

Alzheimers Dement

December 2024

The TT & WF Chao Center for BRAIN and Houston Methodist Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.

Background: Global epidemiological studies involving over nine million participants have shown a 35% lower incidence of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) in older cancer survivors compared to those without a history of cancer. This inverse relationship, consistent across recent studies with methodological controls, suggests that cancer itself, rather than cancer treatments, may offer protective factors against AD. This insight opens avenues for novel therapeutic strategies targeting early AD by harnessing cancer-associated protective factors.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

ENPP-1 is a transmembrane enzyme involved in nucleotide metabolism, and its overexpression is associated with various cancers, making it a potential therapeutic target and biomarker for early tumor diagnosis. Current detection methods for ENPP-1 utilize a colorimetric probe, , which has significant limitations in sensitivity. Here, we present probe , the first nucleic acid-based chemiluminescent probe designed for rapid and highly sensitive detection of ENPP-1 activity.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in childhood. Patients who present with metastatic disease at diagnosis or relapse have a very poor prognosis, and this has not changed over the past four decades. The Wnt signaling pathway plays a role in regulating osteogenesis and is implicated in OS pathogenesis.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Understanding the interplay between gasotransmitters is essential for unlocking their therapeutic potential. However, achieving spatiotemporally controlled co-delivery to target cells remains a significant challenge. Herein, we propose an innovative strategy for the intracellular co-delivery of carbon monoxide (CO) and nitric oxide (NO) gasotransmitters under clinically relevant wavelengths.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!