Research Question: Is seminal oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) clinically relevant to reproductive outcome?
Design: Prospective observational study including a total of 144 couples who had an intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycle between June 2018 and December 2020. The study included patients undergoing fresh ICSI cycles with autologous gametes. Cycles that had day 3 embryo transfers and cryopreservation cycles were excluded. There was no restriction on patients with severe male infertility; couples with unexplained infertility and unexplained male infertility were included, those with azoospermia were excluded. Semen analysis, seminal ORP as determined by means of the MiOXSYS system, sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) and reproductive outcomes (fertilization, blastocyst development, clinical pregnancy and live birth) were determined.
Results: Seminal ORP was significantly negatively correlated with fertilization rate (r = -0.267; P = 0.0012), blastocyst development rate (r = -0.432; P < 0.0001), implantation/clinical pregnancy (r = -0.305; P = 0.0003) and live birth (r = -0.366; P < 0.0001). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed significant predictive power for ORP for fertilization (≥80%; area under the curve [AUC] 0.652; P = 0.0012), blastocyst development rate (≥60%; AUC 0.794; P < 0.0001), implantation/clinical pregnancy (AUC 0.680; P = 0.0002) and live birth (AUC 0.728; P < 0.0001). Comparable results were obtained for SDF (fertilization: AUC 0.678; blastocyst development: AUC 0.777; implantation/clinical pregnancy: AUC 0.665; live birth: AUC 0.723). Normal sperm morphology showed the lowest predictive power for all reproductive outcome parameters. With male age as confounding factor, ORP (cut-off value of 0.51 mV/10 sperm/ml) has significant (P < 0.04667) effects on odds ratios for all reproductive outcome parameters. Multivariate logistic regression to investigate potential seminal and female confounding factors revealed that seminal ORP significantly (P < 0.0039; P < 0.0130) affects reproductive outcome.
Conclusion: Seminal ORP is relevant for good fertilization, blastocyst development, implantation, clinical pregnancy and live birth.
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