Detection and localization of early- and late-stage cancers using platelet RNA.

Cancer Cell

Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Neurosurgery, Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Cancer Center Amsterdam and Liquid Biopsy Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Electronic address:

Published: September 2022

AI Article Synopsis

  • Early detection of tumors in cancer patients leads to better treatment outcomes for less advanced cancers.
  • Tumor-educated platelets (TEPs) can be used for cancer detection via RNA-based blood tests, identifying 18 different cancer types with high accuracy.
  • The thromboSeq test showed 99% specificity in asymptomatic controls, accurately detecting two-thirds of cancers in advanced stages, and helped determine the origin of tumors in over 80% of cases.

Article Abstract

Cancer patients benefit from early tumor detection since treatment outcomes are more favorable for less advanced cancers. Platelets are involved in cancer progression and are considered a promising biosource for cancer detection, as they alter their RNA content upon local and systemic cues. We show that tumor-educated platelet (TEP) RNA-based blood tests enable the detection of 18 cancer types. With 99% specificity in asymptomatic controls, thromboSeq correctly detected the presence of cancer in two-thirds of 1,096 blood samples from stage I-IV cancer patients and in half of 352 stage I-III tumors. Symptomatic controls, including inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases, and benign tumors had increased false-positive test results with an average specificity of 78%. Moreover, thromboSeq determined the tumor site of origin in five different tumor types correctly in over 80% of the cancer patients. These results highlight the potential properties of TEP-derived RNA panels to supplement current approaches for blood-based cancer screening.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ccell.2022.08.006DOI Listing

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