Sleep is the main activity of the developing brain and indispensable for the maturation of the central nervous system. Sleep habits are influenced by biological, social and cultural factors and play a role in learning and memory processes. It is estimated that 25-50% of children have sleep difficulties. There is consensus that insufficient sleep has a negative impact on neurodevelopment. Sleep disorders double their incidence in children with neurological disorders, with a bidirectional reciprocal causal link. They are classified into: insomnia, sleep-related breathing disorders, centrally caused hypersomnolence disorders, circadian cycle disorders, parasomnias, sleep-related movement disorders, and others. Despite the scientific evidence of the importance of sleep in early childhood, a high percentage of children do not comply with the recommended hours of sleep, which reflects the importance of training the pediatrician in this problem, which has increased during the pandemic.
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