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Airway-resident T cells from unexposed individuals cross-recognize SARS-CoV-2. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • * Research indicates that individuals with pre-existing, cross-reactive T cell responses were better able to avoid severe infections, particularly among healthcare workers and their household contacts.
  • * There is potential to develop new mucosal vaccines by utilizing the existing functional airway-resident T cells that react to SARS-CoV-2, which are linked to better immunity against seasonal coronaviruses.

Article Abstract

T cells can contribute to clearance of respiratory viruses that cause acute-resolving infections such as SARS-CoV-2, helping to provide long-lived protection against disease. Recent studies have suggested an additional role for T cells in resisting overt infection: pre-existing cross-reactive responses were preferentially enriched in healthcare workers who had abortive infections, and in household contacts protected from infection. We hypothesize that such early viral control would require pre-existing cross-reactive memory T cells already resident at the site of infection; such airway-resident responses have been shown to be critical for mediating protection after intranasal vaccination in a murine model of SARS-CoV. Bronchoalveolar lavage samples from the lower respiratory tract of healthy donors obtained before the COVID-19 pandemic revealed airway-resident, SARS-CoV-2-cross-reactive T cells, which correlated with the strength of human seasonal coronavirus immunity. We therefore demonstrate the potential to harness functional airway-resident SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cells in next-generation mucosal vaccines.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9477726PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41590-022-01292-1DOI Listing

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