Integrating Artificial Intelligence for Clinical and Laboratory Diagnosis - a Review.

The development of medical artificial intelligence (AI) is related to programs intended to help clinicians formulate diagnoses, make therapeutic decisions and predict outcomes. It is bringing a paradigm shift to healthcare, powered by the increasing availability of healthcare data and rapid progress in analytical techniques (1). Artificial intelligence techniques include machine learning methods for structured data, such as classical support vector machines and neural networks, modern deep learning (DL), and natural language processing for unstructured data. More than 50 articles were reviewed and 41 of them were shortlisted. The review was based on a literature search in PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases. Laboratory medicine incorporates new technologies to aid in clinical decision-making, disease monitoring, and patient safety. Clinical microbiology informatics is progressively using AI. Genomic information from isolated bacteria, metagenomic microbial results from original specimens, mass spectra recorded from grown bacterial isolates and large digital photographs are examples of enormous datasets in clinical microbiology that may be used to build AI diagnoses. Technological innovation in healthcare is accelerating and has become increasingly interwoven with our daily lives and medical practices such as smart health trackers and diagnostic algorithms.