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Association of poultry vaccination with interspecies transmission and molecular evolution of H5 subtype avian influenza virus.
Sci Adv
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases, School of National Safety and Emergency Management, Center for Global Change and Public Health, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
The effectiveness of poultry vaccination in preventing the transmission of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (AIVs) has been debated, and its impact on wild birds remains uncertain. Here, we reconstruct the movements of H5 subtype AIV lineages among vaccinated poultry, unvaccinated poultry, and wild birds, worldwide, from 1996 to 2023. We find that there is a time lag in viral transmission among different host populations and that movements from wild birds to unvaccinated poultry were more frequent than those from wild birds to vaccinated poultry.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfection type and short-term mortality in patients with infection-associated disseminated intravascular coagulation: a cohort study.
Infect Dis (Lond)
January 2025
Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Center for Population Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital and Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Background: Severe infection is the most frequent disease underlying disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). To improve understanding of the clinical course, we examined the association between infection type and short-term mortality in patients with infection-associated DIC.
Methods: Patients with infection-associated DIC registered in the Danish Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DANDIC) cohort were categorised by infection type: pulmonary, intra-abdominal, urogenital, others, multiple infection sites and unknown foci.
Administration of antigenically distinct influenza viral particle combinations as an influenza vaccine strategy.
PLoS Pathog
January 2025
Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America.
One approach for developing a more universal influenza vaccine is to elicit strong immune responses against canonically immunosubdominant epitopes in the surface exposed viral glycoproteins. While standard vaccines typically induce responses directed primarily against mutable epitopes in the hemagglutinin (HA) head domain, there are generally limited or variable responses directed against epitopes in the relatively more conserved HA stalk domain and neuraminidase (NA) proteins. Here we describe a vaccine approach that utilizes a combination of wildtype (WT) influenza virus particles along with virus particles engineered to display a trimerized HA stalk in place of the full-length HA protein to elicit both responses simultaneously.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComparative safety and effectiveness of oral anticoagulants in key subgroups of patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation and at high risk of gastrointestinal bleeding: A cohort study based on the French National Health Data System (SNDS).
PLoS One
January 2025
Pfizer Ltd., Tadworth, United Kingdom.
Background: Risk factors and comorbidities can complicate management of non-valvular atrial fibrillation. We describe and compare real-world safety and effectiveness of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs; apixaban, rivaroxaban, dabigatran) and vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) in subgroups of patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation at high risk for gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, utilizing data from a national quasi-exhaustive French database.
Methods: Anticoagulant-naïve adults with non-valvular atrial fibrillation with ≥1 gastrointestinal bleeding risk factor, initiating anticoagulant treatment January 2016-December 2019, and covered by the French national health data system were eligible.
Interpretation of Viscoelastic Hemostatic Assays in Cardiac Surgery Patients: Importance of Clinical Context.
Anesth Analg
January 2025
From the Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Background: Rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) is widely used for point-of-care coagulation testing to reduce blood transfusions. Accurate interpretation of ROTEM data is crucial and requires substantial training. This study investigates the inter- and intrarater reliability of ROTEM interpretation among experts and compares their interpretations with a ROTEM-guided algorithm.
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