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This review mainly studies the development status, limitations, and future directions of modular microfluidic systems. Microfluidic technology is an important tool platform for scientific research and plays an important role in various fields. With the continuous development of microfluidic applications, conventional monolithic microfluidic chips show more and more limitations. A modular microfluidic system is a system composed of interconnected, independent modular microfluidic chips, which are easy to use, highly customizable, and on-site deployable. In this paper, the current forms of modular microfluidic systems are classified and studied. The popular fabrication techniques for modular blocks, the major application scenarios of modular microfluidics, and the limitations of modular techniques are also discussed. Lastly, this review provides prospects for the future direction of modular microfluidic technologies.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9414757 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13081363 | DOI Listing |
Micromachines (Basel)
February 2025
College of Science & General Studies, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia.
A versatile and modular microfluidic system for cell co-culture has been developed. Microfluidic chips, each featuring dual compartments separated by a porous membrane, have been fabricated and assembled within the system to facilitate fluidic interconnection and cell-cell communication through the chip assembly. A set of fluidic valves has been successfully integrated to regulate the flow through the chip assembly.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Chem
March 2025
MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.
Rapid and accurate screening of pathogens is crucial for disease detection. Here, a modular microfluidic sensor has been constructed for RNA detection, with integrated nucleic acid extraction, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas13a reaction, and electrochemiluminescence (ECL) detection. The sensor consists of nucleic acid processing and detection modules.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLab Chip
March 2025
Faculty of Technical Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria.
Drug development is a costly and timely process with high risks of failure during clinical trials. Although tissue models have significantly advanced over the years, thus fostering a transition from animal-derived models towards human-derived models, failure rates still remain high. Current cell-based assays are still not able to provide an accurate prediction of the clinical success or failure of a drug candidate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomater Sci
February 2025
Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India.
The combination of 3D cell culture and microfluidic technology has emerged as a powerful approach in biomedical engineering. It offers a more physiologically relevant model compared to traditional 2D cell cultures by allowing the assembly of micro-sized cellular structures, known as microgels. These microgels can be prepared and fabricated to mimic the characteristics of an ECM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLab Chip
March 2025
Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
Hydrogel fibers are promising biomaterials for a broad range of biomedical applications, including biosensing, drug delivery, and tissue engineering. Different types of microfluidic devices have been developed for hydrogel fiber spinning, however, they often require skillful fabrication procedures with special instruments such as 3D printers and clean-room facilities. On the other hand, microfluidic devices with predetermined and fixed configurations are susceptible to clotting, contamination, and damage, thereby creating a significant barrier for potential users.
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