Diversity of Root-Associated Fungi of the Terrestrial Orchids and in a Temperate Forest Soil of South-Central Chile.

J Fungi (Basel)

Laboratorio de Biorremediación, Departamento de Ciencias Forestales, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Forestales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile.

Published: July 2022

The diversity of orchid mycorrhizal fungi (OMF) and other beneficial root-associated fungi in temperate forests has scarcely been examined. This study aimed to analyze the diversity of mycorrhizal and rhizosphere-associated fungal communities in the terrestrial orchids and growing in high-orchid-population-density areas in the piedmont of the Andes Cordillera with native forest () and Coastal Cordillera with an exotic plantation () in south-central Chile. We focused on rhizosphere-inhabiting and peloton-associated OMF in a native forest (Andes Cordillera) and a mixed forest (Coastal Cordillera). The native terrestrial orchids and were localized, mycorrhizal root segments were taken to isolate peloton-associated OMF, and rhizosphere soil was taken to perform the metabarcoding approach. The results revealed that Basidiomycota and Ascomycota were the main rhizosphere-inhabiting fungal phyla, showing significant differences in the composition of fungal communities in both sites. was the most-abundant OMF genera in the rhizosphere of growing in the native forest soil. In contrast, was the most abundant mycorrhizal taxa growing in the rhizosphere of orchids from the Coastal Cordillera. Besides, other OMF genera such as , , and were detected. The diversity of OMF in pelotons differed, being mainly related to sp. and sp. These results provide evidence of differences in OMF from pelotons and the rhizosphere soil in growing in the Andes Cordillera and a selection of microbial communities in the rhizosphere of in the Coastal Cordillera. This raises questions about the efficiency of propagation strategies based only on mycorrhizal fungi obtained by culture-dependent methods, especially in orchids that depend on non-culturable taxa for seed germination and plantlet development.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9409917PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof8080794DOI Listing

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