Campania is the sixth poorest region of Italy, and it is the region with the highest income inequality. The secondary attack rates of SARS-CoV-2 among households are found to be substantially heterogeneous among published studies and are influenced by socio-economic factors. We conducted a retrospective study to describe the role of socio-economic factors in the household transmission of SARS-CoV-2 among patients living in Campania Region and referring to "Federico II" Hospital. We interviewed 413 subjects followed-up for COVID-19 between the 8 March 2020 and the 24 May 2021 with the aim to collect demographic, clinical, economic, and social data regarding their household and the index cases. The variables associated with SARS-CoV-2 attack rate higher than 50% among households were higher age ( = 0.023) and higher Charlson Comorbidity Index of the index case ( = 0.023) and, for household characteristics, higher number of families per house ( = 0.02), location of the houses in Naples' suburbs (Chi = 5.3, = 0.02) and in Caserta City area (Chi = 4, = 0.04), and renting the house compared to owning it (Chi = 5.83, = 0.01). This study confirms the finding described by other authors that household transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is correlated with the income inequality of the analyzed geographical area as well as with the indicators of health and economic wealth of the families, and this correlation also applies to the Campania Region.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191610262 | DOI Listing |
Front Public Health
December 2024
Université Côte d'Azur, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Public Health Department, Nice, France.
Introduction: Early in 2021, the SARS-CoV-2 incidence rate was higher in the East than in the West of the Alpes-Maritimes district in France. What was the impact of social deprivation, household overcrowding and population density per km on this difference in incidence rate?
Methods: Cases were defined as persons with a first SARS-CoV-2 positive test detected between 04/01/2021 and 14/02/2021. We studied the « French Deprivation index » (FDep), rate of overcrowded households and population density/km.
Physical activity (PA) is an important preventive factor of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), particularly cardiovascular disease, yet progress towards reducing physical inactivity in populations is slow. Population-levels of PA are most often estimated using self-report questionnaires in population surveys, such as the Global PA Questionnaire (GPAQ), which may not accurately reflect objectively measured PA, such as accelerometers. The aim of the current study was to compare self-report vs objectively measured PA across 5 African-origin populations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF: Cholera remains a major (and increasing) global public health problem. Goma, in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), has been a major cholera hotspot in Africa since 1994 and is currently experiencing one of the largest outbreaks in the world. This article contributes to the existing scholarship on cholera risk by utilizing a variety of qualitative research methods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Health Popul Nutr
December 2024
Institute of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health challenge, with 1.3 million deaths in 2022. Ten countries in the European Union (EU) and European Economic Area (EEA) accounted for 88.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Public Health Policy
December 2024
Department of Pathology, FMUSP, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 470, São Paulo, Brazil.
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, causing 1.5 million deaths annually. We conducted an ecological analysis to examine TB prevalence in Brazil from 2018 to 2022, focusing on its relationship with the Human Development Index (HDI) and its inequality-adjusted version HDI (IHDI).
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