Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, is important for the appropriate development of the nervous system (e.g., neurite outgrowth) as well as for cognition (e.g., memory formation) in the adult brain. We have shown that many of the effects of retinoids are conserved in the CNS of the mollusc, . RXRs are predominantly nuclear receptors, but the RXR (LymRXR) exhibits a non-nuclear distribution in the adult CNS, where it is also implicated in non-genomic retinoid functions. As such, we developed a CNS organ culture-based system to examine the transcriptional activity and ligand-binding properties of LymRXR, in the context of a live invertebrate nervous system. The novel ligand sensor system was capable of reporting both the expression and transcriptional activity of the sensor. Our results indicate that the LymRXR ligand sensor mediated transcription following activation by both 9- RA (the high affinity ligand for vertebrate RXRs) as well as the vertebrate RXR synthetic agonist, SR11237. The LymRXR ligand sensor was also activated by all- RA, and to a much lesser extent by the vertebrate RAR synthetic agonist, EC23. This sensor also detected endogenous retinoid-like activity in the CNS of developing larvae, primarily during the 3 instar larval stage. These data indicate that the LymRXR sensor can be utilized not only for characterization of ligand activation for studies related to the CNS, but also for future studies of retinoids and their functions in development.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9406730PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11162493DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

ligand sensor
12
cns organ
8
nervous system
8
transcriptional activity
8
indicate lymrxr
8
lymrxr ligand
8
synthetic agonist
8
cns
6
sensor
6
system
5

Similar Publications

Bacterial peptidoglycan, the essential cell surface polymer that protects bacterial integrity, also serves as the molecular pattern recognized by the host's innate immune system. Although the minimal motifs of bacterial peptidoglycan fragments (PGNs) that activate mammalian NOD1 and NOD2 sensors are well-known and often represented by small canonical ligands, the immunostimulatory effects of natural PGNs, which are structurally more complex and potentially can simultaneously activate both the NOD1 and NOD2 signaling pathways in hosts, have not been comprehensively investigated. In particular, many bacteria incorporate additional structural modifications in peptidoglycans to evade host immune surveillance, resulting in diverse structural variations among natural PGNs that may influence their biological effects in hosts.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

In this investigation, a novel tetradentate Schiff base ligand, (ligand L) was synthesized using a simple chemical route assisted by triethylenetetramine with 4-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde in ethanol. The chemical structure of the as-synthesized ligand was characterized using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and UV-visible spectroscopy. This ligand was then employed to modify the working electrode of screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) for developing a modified L/SPCE sensor finalized to detection of lead ions (Pb).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Single compounds displaying a wide range of luminescent colors are attractive optical materials for sensor applications. In this study, we present the beneficial combination of a cyclometalated iridium(III) complex scaffold and boronic acid units for designing stimuli-responsive luminescent materials with various emission colors. Five iridium(III) complexes bearing a diboronic acid ligand (bpyB2) were synthesized: Ir(C^N)bpyB2 (C^N = 2-phenylpyridine (1), 2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)pyridine (2), 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyridine (3), benzo[h]quinoline (4), 1-phenylisoquinoline (5)).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Ranking Single Fluorescent Protein-Based Calcium Biosensor Performance by Molecular Dynamics Simulations.

J Chem Inf Model

December 2024

Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey.

Genetically encoded fluorescent biosensors (GEFBs) have become indispensable tools for visualizing biological processes A typical GEFB is composed of a sensory domain (SD) that undergoes a conformational change upon ligand binding or enzymatic reaction; the SD is genetically fused with a fluorescent protein (FP). The changes in the SD allosterically modulate the chromophore environment whose spectral properties are changed. Single fluorescent (FP)-based biosensors, a subclass of GEFBs, offer a simple experimental setup; they are easy to produce in living cells, structurally stable, and simple to use due to their single-wavelength operation.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The ultrahigh-sensitive detection of HS is reported using a novel dual-ligand metal-organic framework (MOF) electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensor. By combining tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin (TCPP) and 1,3,6,8-tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl) pyrene (TBAPy) as ligands and employing zirconium as the metal source, a spindle-shaped Zr-PyTCPPMOF was successfully designed and synthesized. Notably, the multiple nitrogen structures of porphyrin provided abundant binding sites for sulfur (S), further enhancing the ECL signal of Zr-PyTCPPMOF.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!