Few data are available on frequency of SARS-CoV-2 infection among very young children in low- to middle-income countries (LMIC), with the studies that are available biased towards higher income countries with low reported infection and seroconversion rates. Between February 2019 and March 2021, 388 dried blood spot (DBS) samples were obtained from 257 children less than 30 months of age as part of a prospective observational cohort study of pregnant women and their infants in Haiti; longitudinal samples were available for 107 children. In a subsequent retrospective analysis, DBS samples were tested by ELISA for antibody targeting the receptor binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein. Over the course of the study, 16·7% of the infants became seropositive. All seropositive samples were collected after March 19, 2020 (the date of the first reported COVID-19 case in Haiti) with the highest hazards measured in August 2020. Sampling date was the only covariate associated with the hazard of seroconversion. Our data provide an estimate of SARS-CoV-2 infection rates among very young children without prior SARS-CoV-2 exposure during the initial pandemic waves in Haiti, and demonstrate that these children mount a detectable serological response which is independent of patient age.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9409576 | PMC |
| http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0273482 | PLOS |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Inferring the proportion of undetected cholera infections from serological and clinical surveillance in an immunologically naive population.
Epidemiol Infect
December 2024
Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Most infections with pandemic are thought to result in subclinical disease and are not captured by surveillance. Previous estimates of the ratio of infections to clinical cases have varied widely (2 to 100 infections per case). Understanding cholera epidemiology and immunity relies on the ability to translate between numbers of clinical cases and the underlying number of infections in the population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA multi-pathogen behavioral exposure model for young children playing in public spaces in developing communities.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis
October 2024
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America.
Diarrheal disease is the second leading cause of death among children under five in developing communities, despite active interventions to improve access to water, sanitation, and hygiene resources. Even interventions with high fidelity and compliance saw minimal improvements in health outcomes, necessitating a need for looking beyond traditionally targeted exposure pathways. This study focuses on the pathogen exposure a young child may receive while playing in the public spaces of informal settlements, where animal feces, human feces, and garbage are frequently observed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaternal HIV infection and the milk microbiome.
Microbiome
September 2024
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, 10833 Le Conte Ave., 22-340 MDCC, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Children born to HIV-positive mothers who do not contract the virus face higher health risks, and one potential factor is the gut microbiome shaped by breastfeeding.
- A study of 756 human milk samples over 15 years showed that factors like the number of births, geographic location, and how long a mother breastfeeds influence the milk microbiome, but HIV status and treatment do not appear to change it.
- The research concluded that while the milk microbiome differs based on specific variables involving lactation, it remains unaffected by maternal HIV or treatments, and there is no link found between the microbiome and HIV transmission to infants.
Background: Patient-level data on life-threatening respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in children in low-income and lower-middle-income countries (LMICs) are scarce, and this scarcity might limit demand for RSV interventions in LMICs who rely on support from Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance. We aimed to describe the characteristics of RSV-positive children younger than 2 years who were admitted to paediatric intensive care units (PICUs) with extended severe acute respiratory infection (eSARI) in Gavi-eligible countries.
Methods: The RSV GOLD-ICU Network study is a 2-year prospective, multicountry, observational study of children younger than 2 years admitted to a PICU with eSARI.
Prevalence and factors associated with undocumented children under-five in Haiti.
Int J Equity Health
August 2024
Centre Médical Alpha (Alpha Medic), Port-au-Prince, Haiti.
Background: Despite many efforts to provide children with legal existence over the last decades, 1 in 4 children under the age of 5 (166 million) do not officially exist, with limited possibility to enjoy their human rights. In Latin America and the Caribbean, Haiti has one of the highest rates of undocumented births. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence and the determinant factors of undocumented childhood in Haiti.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!