Disasters involving radioactive materials are one of the most dangerous accidents a living organism can be exposed to. Individuals and first responders are in risk during accidents or interventions, due to radioactive debris impact, due to the use of depleted uranium ammunition or a malevolent act against individuals. Moreover, radioactive contamination of wounds causes internal exposure in the body and standard decontamination procedures cannot be applied. In order to deal with such situations, we are developing a measurement system consisting of a robotic arm, an array of various detectors and a corresponding methodology, which allows quantifying timely the spatial distribution of contamination and the radiation dose for the adequate medical response. The aim of this publication is to the present current status of the development of the described apparatus.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncac121 | DOI Listing |
PLoS One
December 2024
Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States of America.
Environmental contamination can have lasting impacts on surrounding communities, though the long-term impacts can be difficult to ascertain. The disaster at the Chornobyl Nuclear Power Plant in 1986 and subsequent remediation efforts resulted in contamination of the local environment with radioactive material, heavy metals, and additional environmental toxicants. Many of these are mutagenic in nature, and the full effect of these exposures on local flora and fauna has yet to be understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProbl Radiac Med Radiobiol
December 2024
National University of Physical Education and Sport of Ukraine, 1 Fizkultury Str., Kyiv, 03150, Ukraine.
Objective: to assess the impact of stressful life events occuring with the period of restrictive measures introductionconnected to the COVID-19 pandemic and during the full-scale Russian aggression, on the anthropometric indicators and body composition of children aged 10-17 years.
Materials And Methods: The research group consisted of 56 boys and 70 girls aged 10-17 years who lived in radioactively contaminated areas of Zhytomyr, Rivne, and Kyiv regions with a soil contamination density of 137Cs from 18 kBq/m2 to 235 kBq/m2. The impact of stressful factors was assessed using the stress perception scale (PSS-10).
Probl Radiac Med Radiobiol
December 2024
State Institution «National Scientific Center for Radiation Medicine, Hematology and Oncology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka Str., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine.
Objective: to determine the distribution of genotypes of genetic polymorphism of manganese superoxide dismutaseand to assess the ventilation lung capacity in children- residents of radioactively contaminated areas and childrenexposed to stressful life events during the war period.
Materials And Methods: The study involved school-age children - residents of radioactively contaminated areas(RCA) and children exposed to stressful life events during wartime. All those examined had no clinical signs of respiratory pathology.
Probl Radiac Med Radiobiol
December 2024
State Institution «O.M. Marzіeiev Institute for Public Health of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 50 Hetman Pavlo Polubotok Str., Kyiv, 02094, Ukraine.
Objective: assessment of probable exposure levels from radon and NORM in workplaces within the context of justi fying radiation protection plans in an existing exposure situation.
Materials And Methods: Materials regarding the assessment of naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM) con tent in tailing from mining and processing industries in Ukraine and assessments of contamination levels of industri al sites of oil and gas enterprises were used for estimating the probable range of effective doses (ED) of workers fromNORM at industrial enterprises. These materials were obtained as a result of research conducted by specialists from theRadiation Protection Laboratory of the State Institution «O.
Probl Radiac Med Radiobiol
December 2024
Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Objective: Scientific justification of the methodology for calculating radiation internal doses from 137Cs and 134Cs intake for residents of Ukrainian settlements radioactively contaminated as a result of the Chornobyl (Chernobyl) accident in which measurements of incorporated radiocesium isotopes in humans using whole-body counters (WBC) were not carried out.
Materials And Methods: The paper presents a new methodology for reconstructing doses due to internal irradiation from Chornobyl fallout for both surface (in 1986) and root (in 1987-2023) contamination of vegetation with 137Cs and 134Cs and their transfer into the human body. The methodology for calculating the dose due to surface contamination of vegetation was based on the theoretical model of the transfer of radiocesium isotopes through the food chain with further adjustment of this model to the results of WBC measurements carried out between 15 July and 31 December 1986.
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