AI Article Synopsis
- The study investigates sex differences in early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD), focusing on cognitive impairment and atrophy in the brain between male and female patients.
- Female EOAD patients exhibited more severe cognitive deficits and greater brain atrophy compared to their male counterparts, alongside higher levels of tau protein in their cerebrospinal fluid.
- The findings indicate that sex may play a significant role in how Alzheimer's disease progresses and affects individuals, with distinct patterns of impairment observed at the time of diagnosis.
Article Abstract
Background And Purpose: Sex is believed to drive heterogeneity in Alzheimer's disease (AD), although evidence in early-onset AD (EOAD; <65 years) is scarce.
Methods: We included 62 EOAD patients and 44 healthy controls (HCs) with core AD cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers, neurofilament light chain levels, neuropsychological assessment, and 3-T magnetic resonance imaging. We measured cortical thickness (CTh) and hippocampal subfield volumes (HpS) using FreeSurfer. Adjusted linear models were used to analyze sex-differences and the relationship between atrophy and cognition.
Results: Compared to same-sex HCs, female EOAD subjects showed greater cognitive impairment and broader atrophy burden than male EOAD subjects. In a direct female-EOAD versus male-EOAD comparison, there were slight differences in temporal CTh, with no differences in cognition or HpS. CSF tau levels were higher in female EOAD than in male EOAD subjects. Greater atrophy was associated with worse cognition in female EOAD subjects.
Conclusions: At diagnosis, there are sex differences in the pattern of cognitive impairment, atrophy burden, and CSF tau in EOAD, suggesting there is an influence of sex on pathology spreading and susceptibility to the disease in EOAD.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ene.15531 | DOI Listing |
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Article Synopsis
- The medial temporal lobe (MTL), thought to be relatively unaffected in early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD), was examined in detail to understand atrophy patterns among different age groups of Alzheimer's patients.
- The study included participants with memory issues and abnormal brain scans, comparing 41 EOAD individuals under 65 years old with 154 late-onset Alzheimer's (aLOAD) patients aged 70 or older, alongside cognitively healthy controls.
- Findings revealed that both EOAD and aLOAD groups had smaller MTL regions compared to controls, with specific differences in brain structure and pathology but no significant differences in tau pathology levels between the two Alzheimer's groups.
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