Neuronavigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS) has emerged as a presurgical language mapping tool distinct from the widely used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We report fMRI and nTMS language-mapping results in 19 pediatric-epilepsy patients and compare those to definitive testing by electrical cortical stimulation, Wada test, and/or neuropsychological testing. Most discordant results occurred when fMRI found right-hemispheric language. In those cases, when nTMS showed left-hemispheric or bilateral language representation, left-hemispheric language was confirmed by definitive testing. Therefore, we propose nTMS should be considered for pediatric presurgical language-mapping when fMRI shows right-hemispheric language, with nTMS results superseding fMRI results in those scenarios.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/acn3.51594 | DOI Listing |
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