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High-recombining genomic regions affect demography inference based on ancestral recombination graphs.
Genetics
January 2025
Max Planck Research Group Behavioural Genomics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, August-Thienemann-Straße 2, 24306 Plön, Germany.
Multiple methods of demography inference are based on the ancestral recombination graph. This powerful approach uses observed mutations to model local genealogies changing along chromosomes by historical recombination events. However, inference of underlying genealogies is difficult in regions with high recombination rate relative to mutation rate due to the lack of mutations representing genealogies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSatellite DNA shapes dictate pericentromere packaging in female meiosis.
Nature
January 2025
Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
The abundance and sequence of satellite DNA at and around centromeres is evolving rapidly despite the highly conserved and essential process through which the centromere directs chromosome inheritance. The impact of such rapid evolution is unclear. Here we find that sequence-dependent DNA shape dictates packaging of pericentromeric satellites in female meiosis through a conserved DNA-shape-recognizing chromatin architectural protein, high mobility group AT-hook 1 (HMGA1).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe chromatin of the centromere provides the assembly site for the mitotic kinetochore that couples microtubule attachment and force production to chromosome movement in mitosis. The chromatin of the centromere is specified by nucleosomes containing the histone H3 variant CENP-A. The constitutive centromeric-associated network (CCAN) and kinetochore are assembled on CENP-A chromatin to enable chromosome separation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe emergence and evolution of gene expression in genome regions replete with regulatory motifs.
Elife
December 2024
Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Gene regulation is essential for life and controlled by regulatory DNA. Mutations can modify the activity of regulatory DNA, and also create new regulatory DNA, a process called regulatory emergence. Non-regulatory and regulatory DNA contain motifs to which transcription factors may bind.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTelomerase-Mediated Anti-Ageing Interventions.
Subcell Biochem
December 2024
School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA.
The ageing process involves a gradual decline of chromosome integrity throughout an organism's lifespan. Telomeres are protective DNA-protein complexes that cap the ends of linear chromosomes in eukaryotic organisms. Telomeric DNA consists of long stretches of short "TTAGGG" repeats that are conserved across most eukaryotes including humans.
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