Interaction of and alleles increases amylose content and alters physico-chemical properties in rice ( L.).

Four near-isogenic lines (NILs) with different allele combinations of the () and () were developed by crossing the rice cultivars "Dodamssal" and "Hwayeong." The associations between sequence variations in and , and starch-related traits were investigated. These sequence variations led to changes in seed morphology, starch structure, starch crystallinity, amylopectin chain length distribution, digestibility, apparent amylose content (AAC), and resistant starch content (RS). and showed genetic interaction in regulating AAC and RS. Gene expression profiling of panicle tissues revealed significant differences in expression levels of , , and other starch-related genes among the four NILs, indicating that variations in and changed the expression level of starch-related genes. These variations contributed to the changes observed in AAC, RS, and physico-chemical characteristics of the rice starch from the NILs.