Since empty-spiracles (ems) was identified and characterized in Drosophila melanogaster as a head-gap gene, several studies have been carried out in other insect orders to confirm its evolutionary conserved function. Using the blood-sucking bug Rhodnius prolixus as biological model, we found an ems transcript with three highly conserved regions: Box-A, Box-B, and the homeodomain. R. prolixus embryos silenced by parental RNAi for two of these ems conserved regions showed both maternal and zygotic defects. Rp-emsB fragment results in early lethal embryogenesis, with eggs without any embryonic structure inside. Rp-emsB expression pattern is only maternally expressed and localized in the ovary tropharium, follicular cells, and in the unfertilized female pronucleus. Rp-emsA fragment is zygotically expressed during early blastoderm formation until late developmental stages in two main patterns: anterior in the antennal segment, and in a segmentary in the neuroblast and tracheal pits. R. prolixus knockdown embryos for Rp-emsA showed an incomplete larval hatching, reduced heads, and severe neuromotor defects. Furthermore, in situ hybridization revealed a spatial and temporal expression pattern that highly correlates with Rp-ems observed function. Here,Rp-ems function in R. prolixus development was validated, showing that empty-spiracles does not act as a true head-gap gene, but it is necessary for proper head development and crucial for early embryo determination and neurodevelopment.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ydbio.2022.08.001 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
High-Fat Diet, Epigenetics, and Atherosclerosis: A Narrative Review.
Nutrients
December 2024
Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA.
Background/objectives: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease developing and progressing in the presence of risk factors including hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, and chronic inflammation, among others. Atherosclerosis commonly precipitates as ischemic events, transient ischemic attacks, and myocardial infarction. Saturated fatty acids are risk factors; however, their association with epigenetics in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis is not clearly understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpigenetic Modulation with 5-Aza-CdR Prevents Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease Promoted by Maternal Overnutrition.
Nutrients
December 2024
Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
Background/objectives: This study builds on previous findings from mouse models, which showed that maternal overnutrition induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) promotes metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in offspring, linked to global DNA hypermethylation. We explored whether epigenetic modulation with 5-Aza-CdR, a DNA methylation inhibitor, could prevent MAFLD in offspring exposed to maternal overnutrition.
Methods: The offspring mice from dams of maternal overnutrition were fed either a chow diet or a high-fat diet (HFD) for 10 weeks.
CD8+ and CD8- NK Cells and Immune Checkpoint Networks in Peripheral Blood During Healthy Pregnancy.
Int J Mol Sci
January 2025
Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, University of Pecs, 12 Szigeti Street, 7624 Pecs, Hungary.
Pregnancy involves significant immunological changes to support fetal development while protecting the mother from infections. A growing body of evidence supports the importance of immune checkpoint pathways, especially at the maternal-fetal interface, although limited information is available about the peripheral expression of these molecules by CD8+ and CD8- NK cell subsets during the trimesters of pregnancy. Understanding the dynamics of these immune cells and their checkpoint pathways is crucial for elucidating their roles in pregnancy maintenance and potential complications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMechanism of THBS1 Regulation of MDCK Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis Through TGF-β/Smad Signalling.
Int J Mol Sci
January 2025
Engineering Research Center of Key Technology and Industrialization of Cell-Based Vaccine, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou 730030, China.
Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells are a key cell line for influenza vaccine production, due to their high viral yield and low mutation resistance. In our laboratory, we established a tertiary cell bank (called M60) using a standard MDCK cell line imported from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) in the USA. Due to their controversial tumourigenicity, we domesticated non-tumourigenic MDCK cells (named CL23) for influenza vaccine production via monoclonal screening in the early stage of this study, and the screened CL23 cells were characterised based on their low proliferative capacity, which had certain limitations in terms of expanding their production during cell resuscitation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Molecular Biology of Placental Transport of Calcium to the Human Foetus.
Int J Mol Sci
January 2025
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK.
From fertilisation to delivery, calcium must be transported into and within the foetoplacental unit for intracellular signalling. This requires very rapid, precisely located Ca transfers. In addition, from around the eighth week of gestation, increasing amounts of calcium must be routed directly from maternal blood to the foetus for bone mineralisation through a flow-through system, which does not impact the intracellular Ca concentration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!