Sodium appetite is a motivational state involving homeostatic behavior, seeking the ingest of salty substances after sodium loss. There is a temporal dissociation between sodium depletion (SD) and the appearance of sodium appetite. However, the responsible mechanisms for this delay remain poorly elucidated. In the present study, we measured the temporal changes at two and 24 h after SD in the gene expression of key elements within excitatory, inhibitory, and sensory areas implicated in the signaling pathways involved in the onset of sodium appetite. In SD rats, we observed that the expression of critical components within the brain control circuit of sodium appetite, including Angiotensin-type-1 receptor (Agtr1a), Oxytocin-(OXT-NP)-neurophysin-I, and serotonergic-(5HT)-type-2c receptor (Htr2c) were modulated by SD, regardless of time. However, we observed reduced phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) at the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and increased oxytocin receptor (Oxtr) mRNA expression at the anteroventral of the third ventricle area (AV3V), at two hours after SD, when sodium appetite is inapparent. At twenty-four hours after SD, when sodium appetite is released, we observed a reduction in the mRNA expression of the transient receptor potential channel 1gene (Trpv1) and Oxtr in the AV3V and the dorsal raphe nucleus, respectively. The results indicate that SD exerts a coordinated timing effect, promoting the appearance of sodium appetite through changes in MAPK activity and lower Trpv1 channel and Oxtr expression that trigger sodium consumption to reestablish the hydroelectrolytic homeostasis.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9392805 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-18220-w | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Pharyngeal neuronal mechanisms governing sour taste perception in .
Elife
December 2024
Department of Bio & Fermentation Convergence Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Sour taste, which is elicited by low pH, may serve to help animals distinguish appetitive from potentially harmful food sources. In all species studied to date, the attractiveness of oral acids is contingent on concentration. Many carboxylic acids are attractive at ecologically relevant concentrations but become aversive beyond some maximal concentration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe most lethal human protozoan parasite is plasmodium falciparum: severe malaria-associated acute renal failure - a case report.
Ann Med Surg (Lond)
December 2024
Pharmacy Department, All Africa Leprosy, Tuberculosis and Rehabilitation Training Centre, Zenebework, Kolfe Keranio, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Introduction And Importance: Malaria continues to be a significant global public health problem, particularly in endemic nations. The most common cause of acute renal failure is a infection.
Case Presentation: A 28-year-old male was brought into the emergency room with significant complaints of fatigue, chills, fever, and a lack of appetite.
Profiteering optical biosensors for swift assaying clanobutin residues in food samples, baby food and surface water: Comparative greenness, whiteness and blueness assessment.
Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc
November 2024
Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura National University, Gamasa 7731168, Egypt.
In livestock systems, clanobutin sodium (CLB) is a pivotal veterinary medication due to its appetite-stimulant features. This contribution aims to design, for the first time, a straightforward and ecological framework for quantifying CLB in various matrices. Relying on a direct mix-and-read assay, tyrosine (TS) and tryptophan (TP) biosensors were exploited as turn-off fluorescence probes for quantifying CLB using λ 274/302 nm and 272/361 nm, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSingle-cell transcriptomics of human organoid-derived enteroendocrine cell populations from the small intestine.
J Physiol
December 2024
Institute of Metabolic Science and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK.
Gut hormones control intestinal function, metabolism and appetite, and have been harnessed therapeutically to treat type 2 diabetes and obesity. Our understanding of the enteroendocrine axis arises largely from animal studies, but intestinal organoid models make it possible to identify, genetically modify and purify human enteroendocrine cells (EECs). This study aimed to map human EECs using single-cell RNA sequencing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe neurobiology of thirst and salt appetite.
Neuron
December 2024
Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Kavli Center for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- The first act of life involved capturing water within cell membranes, making fluid balance vital for survival.
- The review explores how neural mechanisms compel animals to seek and consume water and salt, detailing how the brain processes information about blood osmolality and volume to trigger thirst and salt cravings.
- It also points out gaps in current knowledge about fluid homeostasis, including the identities of sensors that detect fluid imbalances and how drinking is regulated even when there’s no physiological need, like during meals.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!