Analysis of the association of HLA subtypes with cryptococcal meningitis in HIV-negative immunocompetent patients.

We aimed to study the possible relationship between cryptococcal meningitis (CM) and HLA genotypes in HIV-negative immunocompetent patients. HLA of 53 HIV-negative immunocompetent Han Chinese CM patients were compared with those in 481 healthy individuals. We found a significant association between DQB1*05:02 and CM patients compared with controls. There were no significant differences in the frequencies of HLA alleles between CM with and without postinfectious inflammatory response syndrome and controls. Correlation analysis showed DQB1*05:02 was correlated with susceptibility to CM. CM patients carrying the DQB1*05:02 allele had more severe focal neurological deficit, higher initial modified Rankin Scale and British Medical Research Council staging scores. This study provides the first evidence for the interaction between specific HLA class II alleles and HIV-negative immunocompetent CM patients.