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Background And Objectives: hyponatremia is a common in older and hospitalized patients, often caused by the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). This study compares the efficacy and safety of tolvaptan versus fluid restriction in patients with hyponatremia and SIADH.
Materials And Methods: an observational cohort study was conducted with 186 patients with hyponatremia (Na+ < 135 mmol/L) due to SIADH, treated at the Hospital Universitario de Pontevedra between 2015 and 2022.
Nebulized aminoglycosides for ventilator-associated pneumonia: Methodological considerations and lessons from experimental studies.
J Intensive Med
January 2025
Department of Pneumology, Institut Clinic del Tórax, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona - SGR 911- Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), Barcelona, Spain.
Aminoglycosides are concentration-dependent antibiotics exerting a bactericidal effect when concentrations at the site of infection are equal to or greater than 5 times the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC). When administered intravenously, they exhibit poor lung penetration and high systemic renal and ototoxicity, imposing to restrict their administration to 5 days. Experimental studies conducted in anesthetized and mechanically ventilated sheep and pigs provide evidence that high doses of nebulized aminoglycosides induce a rapid and potent bacterial killing in the infected lung parenchyma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe impact of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors on the incidence, therapy, and outcomes of fournier gangrene: insights from a systematic review of case reports.
Syst Rev
January 2025
Department of Health Sciences, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Background: The clinical characteristics, therapy, and outcome of Fournier Gangrene (FG) in patients using sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) were examined in this systematic review.
Methods: Without a publication year restriction, we searched PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane. Additionally, we manually searched bibliographies using the terms "Fournier's gangrene" and "SGLT2 inhibitors.
Passive dehydration reduces muscle thickness after resistance exercise.
J Sports Sci
January 2025
Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.
Unlabelled: Dehydration-induced increased plasma osmolality (P) alters whole body fluid balance which could alter resistance exercise (RE) induced intramuscular (IM) fluid shift.
Purpose: The purpose of the current report was to investigate the effect of dehydration on RE-induced change in whole body fluid balance in resistance trained (RT) men.
Methods: Fourteen RT men performed two identical RE sessions, either in a hydrated (EUHY) or dehydrated (DEHY) state induced by a 24 hr fluid restriction.
Negative linear compressibility and structural stability of the energetic material -hexanitrostilbene under pressure.
Phys Chem Chem Phys
January 2025
School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, China.
The structural stability of the energetic material 2,2',4,4',6,6'-hexanitrostilbene (-HNS) under high pressure is critical for optimizing its detonation performance and low sensitivity. However, its structural response to external pressure has not been sufficiently investigated. In this study, high-pressure single-crystal X-ray diffraction data of -HNS demonstrate that the sample exhibits pronounced anisotropic strain, demonstrating an unusual negative linear compressibility (NLC) along the axis, with a coefficient of -4.
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