AI Article Synopsis
- Systemic treatments like chemotherapy and targeted therapies are generally ineffective for patients with advanced cholangiocarcinoma, leading to an overall survival of less than a year.
- The tumor microenvironment (TME) surrounding cholangiocarcinoma is complex and consists of various cell types and factors, particularly a dense desmoplastic stroma, which significantly influences cancer development and progression.
- Recent research indicates that targeting the TME in combination with other treatments may enhance therapeutic effectiveness, prompting exploration of combined treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes.
Article Abstract
Systemic treatments (e.g., chemotherapy and targeted therapies) have limited efficacy for patients with locally advanced - unresectable - and metastatic cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), with an overall survival of less than a year. Tumor microenvironment (TME) represents the ecosystem surrounding the tumor which comprises immune cells, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and a wide range of soluble factors. CCA TME is characterized by an abundant desmoplastic stroma, exhibits a high heterogeneity and it plays a central role in cancer onset and progression. There is growing evidence suggesting that it is possible to target TME in association with other treatment modalities, such as cytotoxic chemotherapy or targeted therapies, paving the way to possible combination strategies with a synergistic effect. Herein, we describe the components of CCA TME - such as cancer-associated fibroblasts and other cells of pivotal importance - with their most relevant interactions, focusing on the preclinical rationale for the development of effective anticancer treatments.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9396390 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101514 | DOI Listing |
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