AI Article Synopsis
- Researchers studied the connection between depression and obesity by scanning the brains of individuals with depressive disorders and healthy controls as they anticipated food and rated its pleasantness.
- The findings revealed a complex interaction between body mass index (BMI) and brain activation in specific regions, indicating that healthy individuals with higher BMI showed increased activation in areas linked to emotion and decision-making, while those with depressive disorders exhibited the opposite trend.
- The study suggests that future weight loss interventions for those with depression should focus on mental strategies that improve emotional regulation and behavior around food consumption.
Article Abstract
Background: Depression and overweight/obesity often cooccur but the underlying neural mechanisms for this bidirectional link are not well understood.
Methods: In this functional magnetic resonance imaging study, we scanned 54 individuals diagnosed with depressive disorders (DD) and 48 healthy controls (HC) to examine how diagnostic status moderates the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and brain activation during anticipation and pleasantness rating of food versus nonfood stimuli.
Results: We found a significant BMI-by-diagnosis interaction effect on activation in the right inferior frontal gyrus (RIFG) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) during food versus nonfood anticipation (p < .0125). Brain activation in these regions was greater in HC with higher BMI than in HC with lower BMI. Individuals with DD showed an opposite pattern of activation. Structural equation modeling revealed that the relationship between BMI, activation in the RIFG and ACC, and participants' desire to eat food items shown in the experiment depended on the diagnostic status.
Conclusions: Considering that food anticipation is an important component of appetitive behavior and that the RIFG and ACC are involved in emotion regulation, response inhibition and conflict monitoring necessary to control this behavior, we propose that future clinical trials targeting weight loss in DD should investigate whether adequate mental preparation positively affects subsequent food consumption behaviors in these individuals.
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|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9480896 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/brb3.2695 | DOI Listing |
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Article Synopsis
- Response inhibition is crucial for cognitive function, with key brain regions involved being the presupplementary motor area (preSMA) and the right inferior frontal cortex (rIFC), though their specific roles are debated.
- Using fMRI, this study examined how these regions contribute to stopping responses during tasks designed to measure inhibitory control, specifically the Go/No-Go task and the Stop Signal Task.
- Findings indicated that the rIFC is linked to pausing responses, while the preSMA is more directly involved in stopping responses effectively, supporting the Pause-then-Cancel Model.
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