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Variation in plasmid conjugation among non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica serovars.
Can J Microbiol
December 2024
Health Canada, Bureau of Microbial Hazards, Food and Nutrition Directorate, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada;
Conjugation is a complex phenomenon involving multiple plasmid, bacterial, and environmental factors. Here we describe an IncI1 plasmid encoding multidrug antibiotic resistance to aminoglycosides, sulfonamides, and third generation cephalosporins. This plasmid is widespread geographically and among One Health animal, human, and environmental sectors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMalawi introduced typhoid conjugate vaccine (TCV) in 2023 through an integrated campaign delivering TCV alongside other vaccines and interventions (measles rubella vaccine (MRV), bivalent oral polio vaccine (OPV), and vitamin A Supplementation). The campaign sought to reach all children 9 months to younger than 14 years, representing more than 9 million individuals, and about half the country's population. Following the campaign, TCV was incorporated into the routine immunization program for 9-month-old infants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTyphoid & paratyphoid vaccine development in the laboratory: a review & in-country experience.
Indian J Med Res
December 2024
ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
Enteric fever is caused by the infection of Gram-negative bacteria, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi and Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi (S. Paratyphi) A, B and C, through contaminated food and water. The disease almost exclusively affects the populations living in low- and middle-income countries, with the World Health Organization Southeast Asian Region (WHO SEAR) having the highest endemicity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDesign of a Glycoconjugate Vaccine Against Paratyphi A.
Vaccines (Basel)
November 2024
GSK Vaccines Institute for Global Health (GVGH), 53100 Siena, Italy.
Background/objectives: Typhoid and paratyphoid fever together are responsible for millions of cases and thousands of deaths per year, most of which occur in children in South and Southeast Asia. While typhoid conjugate vaccines (TCVs) are licensed, no vaccines are currently available against Paratyphi A. Here we describe the design of a Paratyphi A conjugate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReport from the World Health Organization's immunization and vaccines-related implementation research advisory committee (IVIR-AC) meeting, virtual gathering, 10-13 September 2024.
Vaccine
January 2025
Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
The Immunization and Vaccines-related Implementation Research Advisory Committee (IVIR-AC) is the primary advisory body of the World Health Organization conducting independent reviews of immunization-related implementation research, with a primary focus on transmission and economic modeling analyses that estimate the value and impact of vaccines. From 10 to 13th September 2024, IVIR-AC convened virtually for its second of two semi-annual meetings to provide feedback and recommendations across six sessions including: pneumococcal vaccination strategies that rely on indirect protection; vaccine impact modeling for chikungunya; The Lancet Commission on strengthening the use of epidemiological modeling of emerging and pandemic infectious diseases; methods for immunization coverage estimation; setting immunization research priorities in the South-East Asian Region; and modeling evidence related to typhoid conjugate vaccine schedules. This report summarizes the sessions, proceedings, and recommendations from that meeting.
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