Electroencephalogram (EEG)-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) provide a novel approach for controlling external devices. BCI technologies can be important enabling technologies for people with severe mobility impairment. Endogenous paradigms, which depend on user-generated commands and do not need external stimuli, can provide intuitive control of external devices. This paper discusses BCIs to control various physical devices such as exoskeletons, wheelchairs, mobile robots, and robotic arms. These technologies must be able to navigate complex environments or execute fine motor movements. Brain control of these devices presents an intricate research problem that merges signal processing and classification techniques with control theory. In particular, obtaining strong classification performance for endogenous BCIs is challenging, and EEG decoder output signals can be unstable. These issues present myriad research questions that are discussed in this review paper. This review covers papers published until the end of 2021 that presented BCI-controlled dynamic devices. It discusses the devices controlled, EEG paradigms, shared control, stabilization of the EEG signal, traditional machine learning and deep learning techniques, and user experience. The paper concludes with a discussion of open questions and avenues for future work.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22155802 | DOI Listing |
Anal Bioanal Chem
December 2024
School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, PR China.
Point-of-care testing methods are essential for the large-scale diagnosis and monitoring of bacterial infections. This study introduces an integrated platform designed for the simultaneous detection of pathogenic bacteria. Users can simply inject samples into the system, which then conducts the entire procedure in a fully automated manner, eliminating the need for external power sources, all within 60 min or less.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Orthop Surg Res
December 2024
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ministry of the National Guard - Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Background: An open fracture of the tibia is one of the most common and dangerous type of open fractures. In the management of these injuries, the primary focus is on reducing the infection rate, as this is crucial for achieving the best clinical outcomes. This study aims to explore how provisional external fixation duration influences the rates of infection and union in open tibial shaft fractures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Vet Res
December 2024
University of Minnesota Veterinary Medical Center, Saint Paul, MN, USA.
Background: While limited information is available, it is possible that high or low sub-bandage pressures cause injury with external coaptation. Fiberglass casting tape is a common splinting material that is custom made for the first bandage and reused in subsequent bandage changes. The aim of this preliminary study was to determine sub-bandage pressure changes in canine hindlimbs between initial splint placement and replacement of the bandage by a different person.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTalanta
December 2024
Center for Advanced Analytical Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Sensing Materials and Devices, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China. Electronic address:
The individualized administration and pharmacokinetics profiling are integral to the safe use of antibody drugs in immunotherapy. Here, we propose an electrochemical platform for the highly sensitive and selective detection of antibody drugs, taking advantage of the affinity capture by the peptide mimotopes together with the signal amplification by the biologically-driven RAFT polymerization (BDRP). Briefly, the BDRP-based platform involves the capture of antibody drugs by peptide mimotopes, the labeling of multiple reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) agents to the glycan chains of antibody drugs, and the BDRP-enabled controlled recruitment of numerous redox labels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrthop Traumatol Surg Res
December 2024
Department for Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany. Electronic address:
Introduction: The treatment of early onset scoliosis (EOS) has seen significant advancements, particularly with the introduction of magnetically controlled growing rods (MCGR). However, a discrepancy between reported and actual rod lengthening during treatment has raised concerns.
Hypothesis: This retrospective study aims to investigate the disparity between reported and actual lengthening of MCGR and to identify factors contributing to the failure of the lengthening process.
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