Obesity affects the health and well-being of children globally. Despite recommendations to routinely screen children for obesity starting at age 6 years, physicians do not consistently address weight or provide effective weight-management counseling. We developed an interactive session for second-year medical students with foundational knowledge and practical communication skills around partnership and discussion of pediatric healthy weight management. Students were administered a pre-/post-Likert survey to self-assess knowledge, comfort, and confidence in counseling patients and caregivers about weight management. Students' related counseling skills were assessed during a standardized patient encounter of a teen with rapid weight gain. The session successfully increased students' self-assessed knowledge, comfort, and confidence, and resulted in successful application of weight management skills in a simulated patient encounter. Utilization of empathy skills requires continued coaching. We propose incorporation of similar sessions into medical school curricula to address the pediatric obesity epidemic.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/chi.2022.0068 | DOI Listing |
JAMA Health Forum
January 2025
Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
Importance: Dual-eligible older adults rely on Medicaid to pay for Medicare premiums and cost sharing in addition to supplemental services including dental and long-term care. However, the unique experiences of dual-eligible older adults with Medicaid unwinding remain unknown.
Objective: To assess the awareness and experiences of dual-eligible older adults with Medicaid redetermination.
JAMA Health Forum
January 2025
Department of Health Systems, Management, and Policy, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora.
Importance: Medicare Advantage (MA) plans are designed to incentivize the use of less expensive drugs through capitated payments, formulary control, and preauthorizations for certain drugs. These conditions may reduce spending on high-cost therapies for conditions such as cancer, a condition that is among the most expensive to treat.
Objective: To determine whether patients insured by MA plans receive less high-cost drugs than those insured by traditional Medicare (TM).
JAMA Netw Open
January 2025
University Centre for Rural Health, School of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia.
Importance: An unhealthy lifestyle is believed to increase the development and persistence of low back pain, but there is uncertainty about whether integrating support for lifestyle risks in low back pain management improves patients' outcomes.
Objective: To assess the effectiveness of the Healthy Lifestyle Program (HeLP) compared with guideline-based care for low back pain disability.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This superiority, assessor-blinded randomized clinical trial was conducted in Australia from September 8, 2017, to December 30, 2020, among 346 participants who had activity-limiting chronic low back pain and at least 1 lifestyle risk (overweight, poor diet, physical inactivity, and/or smoking), referred from hospital, general practice, and community settings.
Introduction: In France, over 90% of people living with HIV-1 (PLWH) achieve virological suppression with effective combination of antiretroviral therapies (ART), but limited data exist on the motivation for switching ART.
Objective: To describe the reasons and determinants for switching ART, with a particular focus on doravirine-based regimens, in routine clinical practice in France.
Design: This analysis of cross-sectional baseline data is part of the DoraVIH study, a French, multicenter (15 sites), two-step observational cohort study that includes prospective follow-up for a subset of participants.
Insights Imaging
January 2025
Department of Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
Objectives: To investigate the image quality and diagnostic performance with ultra-low dose dual-layer detector spectral CT (DLSCT) by various reconstruction techniques for evaluation of pulmonary nodules.
Materials And Methods: Between April 2023 and December 2023, patients with suspected pulmonary nodules were prospectively enrolled and underwent regular-dose chest CT (RDCT; 120 kVp/automatic tube current) and ultra-low dose CT (ULDCT; 100 kVp/10 mAs) on a DLSCT scanner. ULDCT was reconstructed with hybrid iterative reconstruction (HIR), electron density map (EDM), and virtual monoenergetic images at 40 keV and 70 keV.
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