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Environmental exposures, the oral-lung axis and respiratory health: The airway microbiome goes on stage for the personalized management of human lung function.
Microb Biotechnol
June 2024
Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Navarra, Spain.
The human respiratory system is constantly exposed to environmental stimuli, sometimes including toxicants, which can trigger dysregulated lung immune responses that lead to respiratory symptoms, impaired lung function and airway diseases. Evidence supports that the microbiome in the lungs has an indispensable role in respiratory health and disease, acting as a local gatekeeper that mediates the interaction between the environmental cues and respiratory health. Moreover, the microbiome in the lungs is intimately intertwined with the oral microbiome through the oral-lung axis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Oral-Lung Microbiome Axis in Connective Tissue Disease-Related Interstitial Lung Disease.
Semin Respir Crit Care Med
June 2024
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Connective tissue disease-related interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD) is a frequent and serious complication of CTD, leading to high morbidity and mortality. Unfortunately, its pathogenesis remains poorly understood; however, one intriguing contributing factor may be the microbiome of the mouth and lungs. The oral microbiome, which is a major source of the lung microbiome through recurrent microaspiration, is altered in ILD patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImportant evidence of the oral-lung axis, especially during the coronavirus pandemic.
Oral Dis
November 2022
Department of Oral Biology, University of Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA.
Comparative Genotoxicity and Mutagenicity of Cigarette, Cigarillo, and Shisha Tobacco Products in Epithelial and Cardiac Cells.
Toxicol Sci
October 2021
Lung Cancer Program, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
Epidemiology studies link cigarillos and shisha tobacco (delivered through a hookah waterpipe) to increased risk for cardiopulmonary diseases. Here we performed a comparative chemical constituent analysis between 3 cigarettes, 3 cigarillos, and 8 shisha tobacco products. The potency for genotoxicity and oxidative stress of each product's generated total particulate matter (TPM) was also assessed using immortalized oral, lung, and cardiac cell lines to represent target tissues.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe human microbiome consists of five major regional biomes distributed in or on our five body sites including skin, oral, lung, gut, and reproductive tract. Its biogeography (the spatial and temporal distribution of its biodiversity) has far-reaching implications to our health and diseases. Nevertheless, we currently have very limited understanding on the shaping the biogeography, since it is often rather difficult to determine the relative importance of drift, dispersal, speciation, and selection, the four processes (mechanisms) determining the patterns of microbial biogeography and community dynamics according to a recent synthesis in community ecology and biogeography.
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