Twenty rabbits were each injected with 100 microgram of lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli 055 at weekly intervals for up to 15 months. The antisera showed an immunologic cross-reactivity with rabbit kidney glycoprotein. A macroscopic nephropathy was present in 14 of the 17 rabbits in which the kidneys were examined. All the rabbits showed extensive histologic lesions involving all the structures of the kidney: organized thrombosis of the arteries, extensive areas of infarction, glomerular atrophy, tubular necrosis and proliferation of young connective tissue. A marked infiltration with lymphoid cells and some plasmacytes was present. The immunologic character of this nephropathy and the immunopathogenic mechanism involved in its pathogenesis are discussed.
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