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Transient enhancement of stimulus-evoked activity in neocortex during sensory learning.
Learn Mem
June 2024
Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
Synaptic potentiation has been linked to learning in sensory cortex, but the connection between this potentiation and increased sensory-evoked neural activity is not clear. Here, we used longitudinal in vivo Ca imaging in the barrel cortex of awake mice to test the hypothesis that increased excitatory synaptic strength during the learning of a whisker-dependent sensory-association task would be correlated with enhanced stimulus-evoked firing. To isolate stimulus-evoked responses from dynamic, task-related activity, imaging was performed outside of the training context.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVisual experience has opposing influences on the quality of stimulus representation in adult primary visual cortex.
Elife
November 2022
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, United States.
Transient dark exposure, typically 7-10 days in duration, followed by light reintroduction is an emerging treatment for improving the restoration of vision in amblyopic subjects whose occlusion is removed in adulthood. Dark exposure initiates homeostatic mechanisms that together with light-induced changes in cellular signaling pathways result in the re-engagement of juvenile-like plasticity in the adult such that previously deprived inputs can gain cortical territory. It is possible that dark exposure itself degrades visual responses, and this could place constraints on the optimal duration of dark exposure treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFResponse to Dr. Kuhlman's letter.
Environ Int
September 2022
Dept. of Environment and Health, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Electronic address:
Existing function in primary visual cortex is not perturbed by new skill acquisition of a non-matched sensory task.
Nat Commun
June 2022
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
Acquisition of new skills has the potential to disturb existing network function. To directly assess whether previously acquired cortical function is altered during learning, mice were trained in an abstract task in which selected activity patterns were rewarded using an optical brain-computer interface device coupled to primary visual cortex (V1) neurons. Excitatory neurons were longitudinally recorded using 2-photon calcium imaging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDevelopment of Natural Scene Representation in Primary Visual Cortex Requires Early Postnatal Experience.
Curr Biol
January 2021
Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, 1400 Locust Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; University of Pittsburgh Center for Neuroscience, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Neuroscience Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. Electronic address:
The development of the visual system is known to be shaped by early-life experience. To identify response properties that contribute to enhanced natural scene representation, we performed calcium imaging of excitatory neurons in the primary visual cortex (V1) of awake mice raised in three different conditions (standard-reared, dark-reared, and delayed-visual experience) and compared neuronal responses to natural scene features in relation to simpler grating stimuli that varied in orientation and spatial frequency. We assessed population selectivity in the V1 by using decoding methods and found that natural scene discriminability increased by 75% between the ages of 4 and 6 weeks.
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