The phase transition of Ca-deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA) with citric acid (Cit) coordination was investigated. Cit promoted the substitution of K ions into CDHA to generate the HA phase. The K-doping increased the phase transition temperature of CDHA, providing the transition to β- and α-tricalcium phosphates at higher temperatures. These results suggest controllable phase transition Cit addition.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2dt01488b | DOI Listing |
BMC Neurosci
January 2025
Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
Microglia/macrophages participate in the development of and recovery from experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), and the macrophage M1 (pro-inflammatory)/M2 (anti-inflammatory) phase transition is involved in EAE disease progression. We evaluated the efficacy of crisdesalazine (a novel microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 inhibitor) in an EAE model, including its immune-regulating potency in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages, and its neuroprotective effects in a macrophage-neuronal co-culture system. Crisdesalazine significantly alleviated clinical symptoms, inhibited inflammatory cell infiltration and demyelination in the spinal cord, and altered the phase of microglial/macrophage and regulatory T cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan.
Many types of spatiotemporal patterns have been observed under nonequilibrium conditions. Cycling through four or more states can provide specific dynamics, such as the spatial coexistence of multiple phases. However, transient dynamics have only been studied by previous theoretical models, since absorbing transition into a uniform phase covered by a single state occurs in the long-time limit.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
Vanadium dioxide (VO) exhibits exceptional phase transition characteristics that enable dynamic manipulation of electromagnetic wave. In this study, a novel design of bilayer isotropic metasurface is introduced. It leverages insulating-to-metallic phase transition of VO to enable broadband holography for terahertz wave.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanotechnology
January 2025
MME, Wright State University, 3640 Colonel Glenn Hwy, Lake Campus, 7600 Lake Drive, Lake Campus, Fairborn, Ohio, 45435, UNITED STATES.
Surface induced crystallization/amorphization of a Germanium-antimony-tellurium (GST) nanolayer is investigated using the phase field model. A Ginzburg-Landau (GL) equation introduces an external surface layer (ESL) within which the surface energy and elastic properties are properly distributed. Next, the coupled GL and elasticity equations for the crystallization/amorphization are solved.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
December 2024
School of Physics, Beihang University, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
Massive Dirac fermions, which are essential for realizing novel topological phenomena, are expected to be generated from massless Dirac fermions by breaking the related symmetry, such as time-reversal symmetry in topological insulators or crystal symmetry in topological crystalline insulators. Here, we report scanning tunneling microscopy and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy studies of α-Bi_{4}I_{4}, which reveals the realization of massive Dirac fermions in the (100) surface states without breaking the time-reversal symmetry. Combined with first-principles calculations, our experimental results indicate that the spontaneous symmetry breaking engenders two nondegenerate edge states at the opposite sides of monolayer Bi_{4}I_{4} after the structural phase transition, imparting mass to the Dirac fermions after taking the interlayer coupling into account.
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