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On the Cranial Nerves.
NeuroSci
March 2024
Instituto de Investigaciones Cerebrales, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa 91190, Mexico; (J.M.); (F.R.-D.); (G.E.A.-A.); (L.I.G.-H.); (G.A.C.-Á.); (D.H.-C.); (C.A.P.-E.); (M.R.T.-C.).
The twelve cranial nerves play a crucial role in the nervous system, orchestrating a myriad of functions vital for our everyday life. These nerves are each specialized for particular tasks. Cranial nerve I, known as the olfactory nerve, is responsible for our sense of smell, allowing us to perceive and distinguish various scents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFManual Therapy of Dysphagia in a Patient with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Case Report.
Medicina (Kaunas)
May 2024
Division of Neurology and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Strada Luigi Cadorna 90, 28824 Piancavallo-Verbania, Italy.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an incurable rare neurodegenerative condition, with 45% of cases showing the symptom of dysphagia; its clinical signs are atrophy, weakness, and fasciculations of the facial muscles, tongue, and pharynx. Furthermore, dysphagia is the main cause of aspiration pneumonia. The traditional treatment for dysphagia varies based on the patient's difficulty of swallowing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPersistent glossopharyngeal nerve respiratory discharge patterns after ponto-medullary transection.
Respir Physiol Neurobiol
September 2024
Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Center for Sleep Disorders Research, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA. Electronic address:
Shape and size of the nasopharyngeal airway is controlled by muscles innervated facial, glossopharyngeal, vagal, and hypoglossal cranial nerves. Contrary to brainstem networks that drive facial, vagal and hypoglossal nerve activities (FNA, VNA, HNA) the discharge patterns and origins of glossopharyngeal nerve activity (GPNA) remain poorly investigated. Here, an in situ perfused brainstem preparation (n=19) was used for recordings of GPNA in relation to phrenic (PNA), FNA, VNA and HNA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioelectronic modulation of carotid sinus nerve to treat type 2 diabetes: current knowledge and future perspectives.
Front Neurosci
April 2024
ciTechCare, School of Health Sciences Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal.
Bioelectronic medicine are an emerging class of treatments aiming to modulate body nervous activity to correct pathological conditions and restore health. Recently, it was shown that the high frequency electrical neuromodulation of the carotid sinus nerve (CSN), a small branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve that connects the carotid body (CB) to the brain, restores metabolic function in type 2 diabetes (T2D) animal models highlighting its potential as a new therapeutic modality to treat metabolic diseases in humans. In this manuscript, we review the current knowledge supporting the use of neuromodulation of the CSN to treat T2D and discuss the future perspectives for its clinical application.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of glossopharyngeal nerve block on pain control after tonsillectomy: a systemic review and meta-analysis.
ANZ J Surg
June 2024
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.
Background: We investigated the role of perioperative intraoral glossopharyngeal nerve block to minimize postoperative pain in patients undergoing tonsillectomy through a meta-analysis of the relevant literature.
Methods: We retrieved eight studies from PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases up to August 2023. We compared perioperative glossopharyngeal nerve block with a control group, in order to examine postoperative pain, analgesic use, and other postoperative morbidities.
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