We present a case of recurrent autoimmune hypoglycemia induced by non-hypoglycemic agents. We review reported cases of autoimmune hypoglycemia related to non-hypoglycemic agents, and discuss the effects of different detection methods for insulin autoantibodies on the results obtained. We aim to provide information for clinicians and a warning for medication usage. Considering the increasing number of clopidogrel-induced AIH cases and the hypoglycemia-induced increase in the risk of cardiovascular events, we recommend that cardiovascular disease patients being treated with clopidogrel be informed of this rare side effect and that clinicians be vigilant for the possibility of autoimmune hypoglycemia in this patient population.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.855350 | DOI Listing |
Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab
January 2025
Carrera de Medicina Humana, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Perú.
Introduction: Endocrine paraneoplastic syndromes (ePNS) are caused by malignant cells that induce hormonal alterations unrelated to the tissue of origin of the neoplasm. The aim of this manuscript is to review the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of endocrine paraneoplastic syndromes (ePNS).
Areas Covered: We searched the PubMed/Medline, Embase, and Scielo databases, including 96 articles.
World J Diabetes
December 2024
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong Province, China.
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is characterized by the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells, leading to absolute insulin deficiency and the need for exogenous insulin. A significant concern in T1D management is hypoglycemia, which is worsened by impaired counterregulatory mechanisms. Effective counterregulation involves hormones such as glucagon and adrenaline, which work to restore normal blood glucose levels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNorth Clin Istanb
November 2024
ISLAB-2 Core Laboratory, Goztepe Prof. Dr. Suleyman Yalcin City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkiye.
Insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS) is a serious autoimmune disorder that may cause spontaneous hypoglycemia. IAS is characterized by hyperinsulinemia, normal C-peptide levels and positive anti-insulin antibody. The diagnosis is confirmed by demonstrating the presence of macroinsulin complex by polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation or gel filtration chromatography.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExpert Opin Investig Drugs
December 2024
Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Introduction: Type 1 diabetes is a chronic autoimmune condition characterized by the selective destruction of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. The etiology of T1D is multifactorial, with a combination of genetic susceptibility and environmental triggers believed to underlie beta-cell destruction. Preserving and prolonging beta-cell function in T1D is a pivotal therapeutic objective that can mitigate disease progression and improve glycemic control.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCells
November 2024
Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
Alpha cells in the pancreas, traditionally known for their role in secreting glucagon to regulate blood glucose levels, are gaining recognition for their involvement in the pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes (T1D). In T1D, autoimmune destruction of beta cells results in insulin deficiency, which in turn may dysregulate alpha cell function, leading to elevated glucagon levels and impaired glucose homeostasis. This dysfunction is characterized by inappropriate glucagon secretion, augmenting the risk of life-threatening hypoglycemia.
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